Synthesis of a carbon dots modified g-C3N4/SnO2 Z-scheme photocatalyst with superior photocatalytic activity for PPCPs degradation under visible light irradiation

Water soluble, red emitting, carbon nanoparticles stimulate 3D cell invasion via clathrin-mediated endocytic uptake

“…Through the HRTEM image in Figure 1b,c lattice fringes with a lattice distance of 0.2075 nm, which is in good accordance with the (101) planes of carbon were obtained suggesting that CNPs synthesised are crystalline in nature. 16 AFM image discloses the topological heights of 2.6 nm, indicating that fluorescent CNPs contain an average of 7 to 8 layers of graphene sheets (Figure 1d). 17 To further understand the structure and composition of CNPs, we performed XRD, Raman and FT-IR spectroscopy of fluorescent CNPs.…”

Efficient Combination of G‐C3N4 and CDs for Enhanced Photocatalytic Performance: A Review of Synthesis, Strategies, and Applications

“…[30,38,108,117,130,131] Oxide Semiconductor: The traditional oxide semiconductors such as SnO 2 , CoO, WO 3 , MoO 3 , TiO 2 , ZnO, etc., have been widely studied for many years in photocatalysis field due to the suitable energy band structures and well chemical stability. [44,46,125,[133][134][135][136] However, the relative low utilization efficiency of visible light, which is always confined to ultraviolet region, becomes the huge obstacle in the road to practical application. Lately, the implantation of oxide into g-C 3 N 4 /CDs heterostructure provides a novel composite material showing excellent photocatalytic activity on account of the modified energy band in favor of separation speed of photoexcited e CB − -h VB + pairs and the broadened absorption spectrum in visible light.…”

“…Lately, the implantation of oxide into g-C 3 N 4 /CDs heterostructure provides a novel composite material showing excellent photocatalytic activity on account of the modified energy band in favor of separation speed of photoexcited e CB − -h VB + pairs and the broadened absorption spectrum in visible light. [44,46,125,[133][134][135][136] An available ZnO/g-C 3 N 4 /CDs nanocomposite was afforded by Guo et al through a facile impregnation-thermal method. [136] The HRTEM image (Figure 8e) exhibited the ZnO with rod like morphology attached to the laminated g-C 3 N 4 tightly, and the small size of CDs distributed on the hybrid ZnO/g-C 3 N 4 randomly.…”

“…The importation of oxides is a helpful way to modify the energy-level configuration of g-C 3 N 4 /CDs to promote the photocatalytic performance for H 2 generation and contaminant degradation by many research works. [44,46,125,[133][134][135][136] And now, still many oxides remained to be further developed and utilized in hybrid nanostructures of g-C 3 N 4 /CDs system.…”

“…[36,38,97,119,123,141] In this respect, g-C 3 N 4 /CD composites, as a metal-free and sustainable visible-light photocatalyst, have been put into service due to the high-performance in organic pollutants degradation. [33,35,37,44,46,104,110,118,130,134,139,140,164,165] Up to now, the commonly decomposed poisonous substances include gaseous ethylbenzene, hexanal, 2-butoxy ethanol [36,141] and liquidus Rhodamine B, methylene blue, methyl orange, fuchsine, tetracycline, bisphenol A, naproxen, ciprofloxacin, indomethacin, and so forth. [44,45,106,110,140,166,167] Here, some classic masterpieces underlying the photocatalytic degradation of pollutants by g-C 3 N 4 /CDs are introduced in the following, as well as the detailed different classifications of mechanisms.…”