Synthesis of 5-arylidene-2,4-thiazolidinediones by Knoevenagel condensation catalyzed by baker's yeast

Tetrabutylammonium bromide and K2CO3: an eco-benign catalyst for the synthesis of 5-arylidene-1,3-thiazolidine- 2,4-diones via Knoevenagel condensation

“…Several bases such as piperidine, [17] piperidinium acetate, [18] sodium acetate [19] and ammonium acetate [20] were utilized to accelerate the Knoevenagel condensation. The catalytic function of urea and thiourea, [16] benzoic acid, [21] polyethylene glycol-300, [22] potash alum, [23] L-proline, [23] boric acid, [23] oxalic acid, [23] ionic liquids, [24] Bakers yeast, [25] Mg-doped Ce-Zr [26] and morpholine [27] were utilized in the improved syntheses.…”

Bakers' yeast: an environment benign catalyst for the one-pot synthesis of indolyl chromenes and bisindolyl alkanes

“…Bakers' yeast tends to produce many enzymes (24) during the fermentation period. Lipase, being one of them, is believed to be the enzyme responsible for enhancing our one-pot transformation process.…”

Green Chemistry – Aspects for the Knoevenagel Reaction

“…(52) and (53) resulting from reactions between benzaldehyde (9) and methylene compounds (44) and (19) that were catalysed by baker's yeast. These reactions were carried out under mild conditions, e.g., room temperature and in ethanol as the solvent, with moderate to good yields (Pratap et al, 2011). Fig.…”