Synthesis of 3,4-Diphenyl-Substituted Poly(Thienylene Vinylene), Low-Band-Gap Polymers via the Dithiocarbamate Route

Abstract

It has been demonstrated that the dithiocarbamate precursor route is a suitable pathway towards poly(thienylene vinylene) (PTV)-type low-band-gap polymers. Two particular dithiocarbamate precursor polymers and the corresponding conjugated polymers, poly(3,4-diphenyl-2,5-thienylene vinylene) and poly(3,4-bis(4-butylphenyl)-2,5-thienylene vinylene), have been studied. The introduction of butyl side chains in the latter leads to excellent solubility in common organic solvents. Both polymers have been prepared in a straightforward manner and in good yield. The thermal conversion of the precursor polymers into the conjugated structure was studied with in situ FT-IR and UV−vis spectroscopy. Also, with the latter technique, the band gap was determined and the thermochromic effect was studied and compared with the unsubstituted PTV. The HOMO and LUMO levels of the polymers were determined from UV−vis and electrochemical measurements.

Synthesis, Design and Electrochemical Properties of Langmuir–Blodgett (LB) Films Built of Bis(Pyrrolyl)Fluorene

“…Similar experiments were performed also for ammonia and ethanol however, the electrical conductivity of the film decreased with increasing of the NH 3 and EtOH concentrations (Figs. 2ab, 3ab).…”

“…However, such a procedure results in a decrease of electrical conductivity of polymers [2]. Several applications of LB films of such polymers have been proposed, based on their electrical and/or optical properties [3]. Among the possible realistic applications, changes of electrical conductivities may be used for monitoring of the presence and concentration of active gases.…”

Ultrafast Spectroscopic Study of Photoinduced Electron Transfer in an Oligo(thienylenevinylene):Fullerene Composite

“…The reason for the exceptionally small electron-transfer yield in the OTV:PCBM composite compared to that observed in conjugated-polymer:C 60 composites is intriguing, in particular because the LUMO energy level in OTV lies significantly higher in energy than the LUMO energy level in PCBM (-3.2 eV [16] and -4.2 eV, respectively). One plausible explanation for this behavior is based on the Rice model [17] of charge transfer in semiconducting polymers, where the p-and p*-bands form a continuum of energy levels.…”

Effect of Chalcogens on Electronic and Photophysical Properties of Vinylene-Based Diketopyrrolopyrrole Copolymers

“…6,7 Poly(thienylenevinylene) (PTV) and its selenium analogue poly(selenylenevinylene) (PSV), the simplest vinylene based polymers, were developed later. 8,9 PTV showed improved electrical performances. 10−13 Moreover, recent findings have demonstrated that this material can exhibit singlet fission foreshowing bright prospects for photovoltaic applications because it improves power conversion efficiencies.…”