Synthesis of 3,4,5-Trisubstituted Isoxazoles in Water via a [3+2]-Cycloaddition of Nitrile Oxides and 1,3-Diketones, β-Ketoesters, or β-Ketoamides: Base-mediated and Keto-enol-controlled Mechanism
Abstract:A selective [3+2]-cycloaddition reaction of
nitrile oxides and 1,3-diketones, β-ketoesters, or β-ketoamides in water without
the need of a metal catalyst is described. The selectivity of the reaction can
be controlled by the polarity of solvents in the presence of an appropriate
base. The optimized reaction condition circumvents other reactions, such as O-imidoylation
or hetero [3+2]-cycloaddition. The reaction happens fast in water to provide an
environment friendly access to 3,4,5-trisubstituted isoxazoles, … Show more
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