Synthesis of 2-Aminofurans and 2-Aminothiophenes through Elemental Sulfur-Promoted Switchable Redox Condensation Reaction of Enaminones with Methylene Nitriles

Abstract

Herein, we report an elemental sulfur-promoted switchable redox condensation reaction that can selectively prepare 2-aminofurans and 2-aminothiophenes from the corresponding enaminones and methylene nitriles, respectively. Mechanistic studies demonstrated that the enaminones, as dual nucleophiles, reacted with nitrile acetate to produce 2-aminofurans via 3,5annulation under promotion by elemental sulfur. These reactions used readily available starting materials, transition metal-free, ecofriendly procedures, gram-scale syntheses, and wide functional group tolerance. The methodology may be useful for the construction of 2-aminofuran and 2-aminothiophene derivatives with potential biological activity.