Synthesis, Nanofeatures,
            <i>In Vitro</i>
            Thrombus Lysis Activity and
            <i>In Vivo</i>
            Thrombolytic Activity of Poly-α,β-Aspartyl-
            <scp>L</scp>
            -Alanine

Gui, Lin; Zhao, Ming; Wang, Yinye; Qin, Yang; Liu, Jiangyuan; Peng, Shiqi

doi:10.2217/nnm.10.41

Cited by 9 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Also, the fibrin plate assay is a simple screening method where fibrinolytic activity is related to the diameter of the lysis zone on a fibrin plate produced by the investigated nanomaterial. Ex vivo or in vitro thrombolytic assays are usually based on gravimetric methods comparing weight of the thrombus after treatment with tested and control nanomaterials . Thrombolytic or fibrinolytic activity of nanomaterials observed by a simple screening assay should be further investigated to elucidate whether the tested article exhibits direct fibrinolytic activity or activates plasminogen, or activates plasminogen activators.…”

Section: Methods For Evaluation Of the In Vitro Effects Of Nanomaterimentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of nanomaterials on blood coagulation in hemostasis and thrombosis

Šimák

Paoli

2017

WIREs Nanomed Nanobiotechnol

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The blood coagulation balance in the organism is achieved by the interaction of the blood platelets (PLTs) with the plasma coagulation system (PCS) and the vascular endothelial cells. In healthy organism, these systems prevent thrombosis and, in events of vascular damage, enable blood clotting to stop bleeding. The dysregulation of hemostasis may cause serious thrombotic and/or hemorrhagic pathologies. Numerous engineered nanomaterials are being investigated for biomedical purposes and are unavoidably exposed to the blood. Also, nanomaterials may access vascular system after occupational, environmental, or other types of exposure. Thus, it is essential to evaluate the effects of engineered nanomaterials on hemostasis. This review focuses on investigations of nanomaterial interactions with the blood components involved in blood coagulation: the PCS and PLTs. Particular emphases include the pathophysiology of effects of nanomaterials on the PCS, including the kallikrein-kinin system, and on PLTs. Methods for investigating these interactions are briefly described, and a review of the most important studies on the interactions of nanomaterials with plasma coagulation and platelets is provided. WIREs Nanomed Nanobiotechnol 2017, 9:e1448. doi: 10.1002/wnan.1448 For further resources related to this article, please visit the WIREs website.

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Section: Methods For Evaluation Of the In Vitro Effects Of Nanomaterimentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of nanomaterials on blood coagulation in hemostasis and thrombosis

Šimák

Paoli

2017

WIREs Nanomed Nanobiotechnol

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“…Showing the relationships between the bioactivities of small molecules with their TEM images, between the concentrations of small molecules with their TEM images, and between the structures of small molecules with their TEM images has been our interests. 33 – 36 To elucidate the contribution of the nanoproperty to the advantages of three conjugates, this study systematically characterizes their nanofeatures. The Faraday–Tyndall effect, size distribution, and ζ-potential of three conjugates in water ensure their properties as a true solution and their use as nanomedicine ( Figure 4 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

RGD(F/S/V)-Dex: towards the development of novel, effective, and safe glucocorticoids

Jiang

Zhao

Wang

et al. 2016

DDDT

Self Cite

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Dexamethasone (Dex) is an effective glucocorticoid in treating inflammation and preventing rejection reaction. However, the side effects limit its clinical application. To improve its druggable profile, the conjugates of RGD-peptide-modified Dex were presented and their enhanced anti-inflammation activity, minimized osteoporotic action, and nanoscaled assembly were explored. (RGD stands for Arg-Gly-Asp. Standard single letter biochemical abbreviations for amino acids have been used throughout this paper.) In respect of the rejection reaction, the survival time of the implanted myocardium of the mice treated with 1.43 µmol/kg/d of the conjugates for 15 consecutive days was significantly longer than that of the mice treated with 2.5 µmol/kg/d of Dex, and the conjugates, but not Dex, exhibited no toxic action. At a single dose of 14.3 µmol/kg (100 times minimal effective dose, 0.143 µmol/kg), the conjugates induced no liver, kidney, or systemic toxicity. At the dose of 1.43 µmol/kg, the conjugates, but not Dex, prolonged the bleeding time of the mice, and inhibited the thrombosis of the rats. In water and rat plasma, the conjugates formed nanoparticles of 14–250 and 101–166 nm in diameter, respectively. Since the nanoparticles of ~100 nm in size cannot be entrapped by macrophages in the circulation, RGDF-Dex would particularly be worthy of development, since its nanoparticle diameter is 101 nm.

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“…[64] The result found that this polymer assembled to various nanospecies exhibited concentration-dependent lysis action in vitro and dose-dependent thrombolytic action in vivo by escaping the entrapment of macrophages. [64] Although previous studies demonstrated the effect of accelerating thrombolysis using plasminogen activators (PAs) encapsulated liposomes or PEG microparticles by pressure-driven permeation, it was necessary to design new types of nanoparticles to enhance the therapeutic efficacy. Chung et al reported a new concept of accelerating thrombolysis with chitosan-coated plasminogen activators encapsulated in PLGA nanoparticles.…”

Section: Polymersmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Lin et al reported poly‐α,β‐DL‐aspartyl‐L‐alanine from the thermal polycondensation of DL‐aspartic acid and the amidation of polysuccimide with L‐alanine as nanoscale assembly to the design of a thrombolytic agent. [ 64 ] The result found that this polymer assembled to various nanospecies exhibited concentration‐dependent lysis action in vitro and dose‐dependent thrombolytic action in vivo by escaping the entrapment of macrophages. [ 64 ] Although previous studies demonstrated the effect of accelerating thrombolysis using plasminogen activators (PAs) encapsulated liposomes or PEG microparticles by pressure‐driven permeation, it was necessary to design new types of nanoparticles to enhance the therapeutic efficacy.…”

Section: Therapymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nanomaterials in Cerebrovascular Disease Diagnose and Treatment

Luo

Wang

2021

Part & Part Syst Charact

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The targeted drug systems based on nanomaterials include initiative targeting and passive targeting systems. [4] Passive targeting methods refer to the nanomaterial-targeted drug delivery systems after intravenous injection into the blood circulation. The nanomaterials will locate in a specific organ or disease site according to the physiological mechanism. Passive targeting is closely related to monocytes and macrophages in reticuloendothelial system. Active targeting is the selective delivery of drugs to specific sites by the high affinity between ligands and receptors on the surface of target cells. Compared with passive targeting, active targeting can improve specific targeting and reduce damage to normal tissues.Drug delivery is one of the important nanomaterials applications in CVD treatment. In the field of cerebral protection, numerous studies have reported very promising neuroprotective agents including antioxidants, calcium, and glutamate. [5] All of the agents have failed at clinical trials because of safety issues or low efficacy. [6] As the barrier between plasma and cerebrospinal fluid, blood brain barrier (BBB) is a major obstacle to prevent most drugs into brain. Application of nanomaterials could assist the drugs across BBB by targeted delivery systems.The BBB mainly contains two parts including the barrier between brain cells and plasma (formed by brain microvascular endothelial cells and glial cells) and the barrier between plasma formed by choroid plexus and cerebrospinal fluid. [7] These barriers can prevent certain harmful substances from the blood to enter brain tissue. At the same time, BBB can also prevent some useful brain-targeted drugs into brain lesions area. Nanomaterials were found to be alternative strategy to solve this problem. The probable mechanisms of nanomaterials across BBB involved endocytosis of brain microvascular endothelial cells (BMVECs), passive diffusion, transmembrane transport, and increment of solubility and fluidity of BMVEC membrane lipid. [8] In the field of CVD treatment, besides targeted drug delivery systems across BBB, there are still other directions for nanomaterials application. One of the major directions is thrombolytic drug delivery, such as delivering tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA) for thrombolysis. [9] The method has the advantage of accumulating drugs at the site of thrombus with high selectivity and biocompatibility which leading to minimal side effects. Another important application of nanomaterials is Cerebrovascular diseases (CVDs) are among the most serious diseases with high mortality and disability rates. The prevalent diagnosis and treatment methods of CVDs include imaging and interventional therapy. With the development of nanotechnology, large numbers of nanomaterials have been applied to the diagnosis and treatment of CVDs, mainly including carbon nanotubes, quantum dots, fullerenes, and dendrimers. In this review, the applications of nanomaterials in the field of diagnosis and treatment of CVDs, mainly including drug target de...

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Synthesis, Nanofeatures, In Vitro Thrombus Lysis Activity and In Vivo Thrombolytic Activity of Poly-α,β-Aspartyl- L -Alanine

Abstract: Upon entering the stomach, intestinal tract, blood and tissue fluids, poly-alpha,beta-DL-aspartyl-L-alanine assembled to small nanoparticles or nanoblocks to escape the entrapment by macrophages and exhibited desirable thrombolytic action.

Cited by 9 publications

References 27 publications

The effects of nanomaterials on blood coagulation in hemostasis and thrombosis

The effects of nanomaterials on blood coagulation in hemostasis and thrombosis

RGD(F/S/V)-Dex: towards the development of novel, effective, and safe glucocorticoids

Nanomaterials in Cerebrovascular Disease Diagnose and Treatment

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