Synthesis, Microstructure, and Acidity of Poly(vinylphosphonic acid)

Bingöl, Bahar; Meyer, Wolfgang; Wagner, Manfred; Wegner, Gerhard

doi:10.1002/marc.200600513

Cited by 132 publications

(197 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Based on this type of membranes BASF-PEMEAS has developed an MEA product under the trade mark Celtec ® -V. Being the simplest polymeric diprotic acids with highest density of immobilized phosphonic acid, PVPA has been considered for PEMFC applications [134,135] and more interest has arisen recently [18]. Synthesis [136] and characterizations with respect to water content, selfcondensation and proton conductivity as a function of relative humidity has recently been investigated [137].…”

Section: Acid Dopingmentioning

confidence: 99%

High temperature proton exchange membranes based on polybenzimidazoles for fuel cells

Jensen

Savinell

et al. 2009

Progress in Polymer Science

1,235

852

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This article appeared in a journal published by Elsevier. The attached copy is furnished to the author for internal non-commercial research and education use, including for instruction at the authors institution and sharing with colleagues.Other uses, including reproduction and distribution, or selling or licensing copies, or posting to personal, institutional or third party websites are prohibited. To achieve high temperature operation of proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFC), preferably under ambient pressure, acid-base polymer membranes represent an effective approach. The phosphoric acid-doped polybenzimidazole membrane seems so far the most successful system in the field. It has in recent years motivated extensive research activities with great progress. This treatise is devoted to updating the development, covering polymer synthesis, membrane casting, physicochemical characterizations and fuel cell technologies. To optimize the membrane properties, high molecular weight polymers with synthetically modified or N-substituted structures have been synthesized. Techniques for membrane casting from organic solutions and directly from acid solutions have been developed. Ionic and covalent cross-linking as well as inorganic-organic composites has been explored. Membrane characterizations have been made including spectroscopy, water uptake and acid doping, thermal and oxidative stability, conductivity, electro-osmotic water drag, methanol crossover, solubility and permeability of gases, and oxygen reduction kinetics. Related fuel cell technologies such as electrode and MEA fabrication have been developed and high temperature PEMFC has been successfully demonstrated at temperatures of up to 200• C under ambient pressure. No gas humidification is mandatory, which enables the elimination of the complicated humidification system, compared with Nafion cells. Other operating features of the PBI cell include easy control of air flow rate, cell temperature and cooling. The PBI cell operating at above 150• C can tolerate up to 1% CO and 10 ppm SO 2 in the fuel stream, allowing for simplification of the fuel processing system and possible integration of the fuel cell stack with fuel processing units. Long-term durability with a degradation rate of 5 V h −1 has been achieved under continuous operation with hydrogen and air at 150-160• C. With load or thermal cycling, a performance loss of 300 V per cycle or 40 V h −1 per operating hour was observed. Further improvement should be done by, e.g. optimizing the thermal and chemical stability of the polymer, acid-base interaction and acid management, activity and stability of catalyst and more importantly the catalyst support, as well as the integral interface between electrode and membrane.

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Section: Acid Dopingmentioning

confidence: 99%

High temperature proton exchange membranes based on polybenzimidazoles for fuel cells

Jensen

Savinell

et al. 2009

Progress in Polymer Science

1,235

852

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“…The results can be explained by the anionic behavior of poly(-VPA) which works like a monovalent anion. 4,5 Finally, the releasing behavior from sPIC gel was examined using Allura Red (AR) as a model compound. Compared with the results at pH 7 and pH 5, AR release was suppressed under a pH of 2 (Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The electrostatic properties of poly(vinylphosphonic acid) (PVPA) have been investigated, such as the metal ion binding capability 4 and its acidity. 5 The copolymerization of VPA with other vinyl monomers is also available to adjust the acidity. 6 In addition, electrostatic interaction with polycation can be used because PVPA is a polyanion.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface polyion complex gel with poly(vinylphosphonic acid) and poly(N-vinylamide)s

Ajiro

Takemura

Akashi

2014

J. Polym. Sci. Part A: Polym. Chem.

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The surface polyion complex gel (sPIC gel), which possesses chemically bonded nonionic gel moiety, was designed using N‐vinylacetamide (NVA), N‐vinylforamide (NVF), and vinyl phosphonic acid (VPA). Taking advantage of the property of NVF as vinylamine (VAm) precursor, the cationic moiety was introduced only onto the surface of poly(NVA‐co‐NVF), producing surface hydrolyzed poly(NVA‐co‐NVF‐co‐VAm), and the successive polymerization of VPA inside the gel successfully produced sPIC gel. The swelling ratio of the sPIC gel was investigated under various pH conditions, and compared with that of the fully polyion complex gel (PIC gel), using totally hydrolyzed poly(NVA‐co‐VAm). The swelling ratio of sPIC gel ranged between 14 and 25, while that of the PIC gel ranged between 2 and 5. The anionic compound, AR, showed a sustained release from sPIC gel at pH 2, due to the electrostatic interactions. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2015, 53, 562–566

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“…(ii) polymers containing high boiling point protonic molecules such as liquid imidazole (T b~2 57 C) in place of water and (iii) composites of acid polymers with basic heterocycles such as imidazole, pyrazole, 1-methylimidazole or benzimidazole [1,3,[6][7][8][9]. In the first case, the most used basic polymer is polybenzimidazole (PBI) doped mainly with phosphoric acid.…”

Section: Hyflonmentioning

confidence: 99%

Proton Conducting Membranes Based on Benzimidazole Sulfonic Acid Doped Sulfonated Poly(Oxadiazole–Triazole) Copolymer for Low Humidity Operation

Ponce¹,

Boaventura

Gomes³

et al. 2008

Fuel Cells

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This work reports for the first time the preparation of sulphonated poly(oxadiazole–triazole) copolymer membranes doped with amphoteric molecule, 1H‐benzimidazole‐2‐sulphonic acid and their characterisation as proton conductors at 120 °C and low humidity. The membranes had not only high proton conductivities, up to 4 × 10–3 S cm–1 at 120 °C and low relative humidity (5 and 10%), but also had good mechanical properties with a storage modulus of about 3 GPa at 300 °C and high thermal stability with Tg up to around 420 °C. Because of their superior ion conducting and mechanical properties they have potential as a proton conducting membrane for fuel cell applications, in particular at high temperature and extremely low‐humidity conditions.

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Synthesis, Microstructure, and Acidity of Poly(vinylphosphonic acid)

Cited by 132 publications

References 14 publications

High temperature proton exchange membranes based on polybenzimidazoles for fuel cells

High temperature proton exchange membranes based on polybenzimidazoles for fuel cells

Surface polyion complex gel with poly(vinylphosphonic acid) and poly(N-vinylamide)s

Proton Conducting Membranes Based on Benzimidazole Sulfonic Acid Doped Sulfonated Poly(Oxadiazole–Triazole) Copolymer for Low Humidity Operation

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