Synthesis, Growth and Characterization of Sodium Mixed Cadmium Oxalate Crystals

Abstract

The newly synthesized CdNa2•2C2O4•2H2O crystals having a size of 0.30 × 0.25 × 0.20 mm 3 were grown by the single-diffusion reaction method in the silica gel medium at 28˚C temperature. The crystalline nature of crystals was determined in 20 days by 1) varying the concentrations of the feed solutions and the gel pH level, 2) changing the specific gravity of the feed solution, and 3) changing the gel aging period. The crystals were characterized by using the methods such as powder X-ray diffraction, FTIR, UV, SEM-EDAX, TGA/DTA, and micro-hardness test. The structure of as-grown crystals was determined by the powder crystal XRD patterns. FTIR & SEM-EDAX spectral analyses were used to confirm the presence of the required functional groups of as grown crystals. UV absorption spectrum, the absorption peaks at 224.64 nanometer, determined the energy gap. TGA/DTA thermo gram was used to detect the thermal stability of sodium mixed cadmium oxalate dihydrate crystals. The present grown crystals were brittle and also plastic in nature was identified by Vickers micro-hardness test.

Growth, Characterization and Conductivity of Chromium Mixed Cadmium Oxalate Crystals

“…Observed XRD pattern of the crystals were indexed using N‐TREOR09 program. Obtained d ‐spacing and the Miller indices are in agreement with the standard values (JCPDS data) . ICO and CMCO crystals cell parameters are given in Table .…”

“…Two trivalent ions () are incorporated with three divalent ion () sites . Many studies have demonstrated the growth of doped crystals of X +1 –Y +2 (X and Y are metal ions) and X +2 –Y +2 combinations, but few are succeeded in developing X +2 –Y +3 combination crystals . In the present study, we have successfully grown mixed oxalate crystals of and combinations.…”

Preparation and Performance of a Novel Photocatalytic Antibacterial Ag–Ag2C2O4–TiO2/PAMPS/PVDF-Based Membrane in an Immobilized Photocatalytic Membrane Reactor under Visible-Light Irradiation

“…In comparison to the spectrum of pristine membrane M 0 , the blended membrane (M 3 ) showed broad absorption bands at 1600–1700 cm –1 . , It could be assigned to the PVDF- g -PAMPS copolymer spectrum (the vinyl group CC stretching band) that was created during the fabrication of the grafted copolymer (PVDF- g -PAMPS). Also, the broadband observed in the range of about 1700 cm –1 could be related to the presence of the stretching frequency of the carbonyl groups in the PVDF- g -PAMPS copolymer (M 3 ). , In addition, the presence of oxalate ions bending vibration on the surface photocatalytic membranes (especially M 2 and M 3 ) increased the broadness in absorption bands at 1600–1700 cm –1 . M 4 and M 5 membranes also confirmed −COO stretching vibration in the silver oxalate photocatalyst compared to the pure PVDF (M 0 ).…”

Impact of Al3+ Ions Incorporation on the Enhancement of Optical and Electrical Properties of Cadmium Oxalate Crystals

“…In the first phase of decomposition, the crystal lost three water molecules with a weight loss of 22.51% (calculated weight loss 21.34%) for the temperature range (TD = 33.78-192.80 ºC), which leads to TDTG peak at 139 ºC and endothermic TDSC peak at 158 ºC, respectively. The second phase of degradation occurs at TD = 268.79-384.28 ºC with a TDTG peak at 340 ºC and an exothermic TDSC peak at 362 ºC with a weight loss of 28.22% (calculated loss: 28.44%) due to the degradation of CO and CO2 molecules simultaneously [14,15] The TG studies were extended to the degradation phases of ACO crystals. The activation energy, frequency factor, change in entropy, change in enthalpy and change in Gibb's free energy during two stages of decomposition were measured.…”