Synthesis, electrochemistry, in-situ spectroelectrochemistry and molecular structures of 1,4-naphthoquinone derivatives

A New Method for Urea Synthesis under Environmental Conditions Based on Nucleophilic Addition Reaction During Electrochemical CO2 Reduction

“…The presence of intermediates, such as CO 2 ⋅ − , during urea synthesis and elucidate its reaction mechanism and reaction path, was further verified with in situ ultraviolet‐visible (UV‐vis) absorption spectroscopy [38–40] . Herein, the absorption signal observed in the range 200–250 nm (Figure 2) confirms the intermediates, including CO 2 ⋅ − , generated via a fast‐electron injection from the Au NPs catalysts into the adsorbed molecules by an offset applied (i. e., for activation energy) onto the working electrode.…”

“…Infrared bands were observed at 1160 cm −1 in the NH 4 HCO 3 system, which can be assigned to the rocking vibrational band of NH 2 in urea [44] . A deformed vibrational band of NH 3 was observed at 1100 cm −1 in the NH 4 HCO 3 system [40] . This may be because the HER consumes a significant number of protons and promotes the hydrolysis of NH 4 + to produce NH 3 ($${{NH}_{4}^{+}\left(aq\right)+{H}_{2}O\left(l\right){\stackrel{ {\rightarrow} } { {\leftarrow} } } {NH}_{3}\left(aq\right)+{{H}_{3}O}^{+}\left(aq\right)}$$ ).…”

“…[44] A deformed vibrational band of NH 3 was observed at 1100 cm À 1 in the NH 4 HCO 3 system. [40] This may be because the HER consumes a significant number of protons and promotes the hydrolysis of NH 4…”