Synthesis, Characterization, In vitro Antiproliferative and Cytotoxic Effect of Ruthenium(II)-Bipyridine-Benzoylpicolinic Acid Complex on SK-MEL-28 and Normal L6 Cell Lines

Abstract

The most seriously spread malignant tumor of melanocytes throughout the body is a melanoma type of skin cancer. SK-MEL-28 cell line is one of a series of melanoma cell lines. The objective of the present investigation is to study the anticancer activity and cytotoxicity of novel [Ru(bpy)2(bzpic)2]2+ (bpy = 2,2ʹ-bipyridine and bzpic = 3-Benzoylpicolinic acid) complex on SK-MEL-28 and normal L6 cell lines using MTT assay method. The morphology of the cancerous SK-MEL-28 cell line at various concentrations of the [Ru(bpy)2(bzpic)2]2+ complex is assessed by 2-fold dilution method, and the in vitro antiproliferative effect of the complex on the cancerous SK-MEL-28 cell line is analyzed by direct microscopic observation method. The percentage viability of the complex on cancerous SK-MEL-28 cell line at various concentrations is determined. The IC50 value of the complex against the SK-MEL-28 cell is found to be 39.109 µg/mL which shows good antiproliferative effect. The IC50 value of the complex against normal L6 cell line is found to be 55.315 µg/mL. The results revealed that the percentage of growth inhibition of the cell is based on dose-dependent manner and the formation of formazan crystal indicates this. The fluorescent microscopy observation clearly determines that the synthesized [Ru(bpy)2(bzpic)2]2+ complex shows late apoptosis on SK-MEL-28 cell line and early apoptosis on L6 cell line. Hence, it is evident that the synthesized complex exhibits good in vitro antiproliferative effect with lower cytotoxicity.
 HIGHLIGHTS
 
 Synthesis of [Ru(bpy)2(bzpic)2]2+ complex
 Direct and fluorescent microscopic observation of [Ru(bpy)2(bzpic)2]2+ complex on SK-MEL-28 and normal L6 cell lines
 In vitro antiproliferative and cytotoxic effects of [Ru(bpy)2(bzpic)2]2+ complex on SK-MEL-28 and normal L6 cell lines
 
 GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT