Synthesis, characterization, HSA binding, molecular docking, cytotoxicity study, and antimicrobial activity of new palladium(II) complexes with propylenediamine derivatives of phenylalanine

Newly synthesized palladium(ii) complexes with dialkyl esters of (S,S)-propylenediamine-N,N′-di-(2,2′-di-(4-hydroxy-benzil))acetic acid: in vitro investigation of biological activities and HSA/DNA binding

“…In that research, it was found that the ligand L4 and the corresponding C4 complex facilitated cell cycle arrest in the G0/G1 phase, further supporting the potential of these complexes in exerting antiproliferative effects on cancer cells. 11…”

“…Esters L1-L4 were synthetized by using similar well known procedure (Scheme 1). 11,12 The complexes were obtained by direct reaction of K 2 [PdCl 4 ] with corresponding esters (Scheme 2). 13,14 These esters are soluble in water and dimethylsulfoxide while complexes are soluble in dimethylsulfoxide and dimethylformamide.…”

“…In that research, it was found that the ligand L4 and the corresponding C4 complex facilitated cell cycle arrest in the G0/G1 phase, further supporting the potential of these complexes in exerting antiproliferative effects on cancer cells. 11 Cyclins are crucial in regulating the cell cycle, functioning as a family of proteins that govern cell progression through the activation of cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs). 35 Cyclin D3, in particular, is an oncogene and serves as one of the initial internal regulators of the cell cycle.…”

“…Recently, we have reported on the synthesis and characterization of the palladium(II) complexes with R 2 pdda type esters of (S,S)-propylenediamine-N,N′-di-2-(2benzyl)acetic acid. 11 Now, this study is focused on in vitro the biological activity from newly palladium(II) complexes with dialkyl esters of O,O′- The cytotoxicity study revealed cytotoxic effects of these compounds, particularly the L4 ligand, against carcinoma cells with lower toxicity towards non-cancerous cells. L4 ligand as well as C4 complex, induced apoptosis in HCT116 cells, demonstrated by increased early and late-stage apoptosis and caspase-3 expression, and decreased Bcl-2 expression.…”

“…Recently, we have reported on the synthesis and characterization of the palladium( ii ) complexes with R 2 pdda type esters of ( S , S )-propylenediamine- N , N ′-di-2-(2-benzyl)acetic acid. 11…”