Synthesis, Characterization and Thermal Behaviour of Guanidinium‐5‐aminotetrazolate (GA) – A New Nitrogen‐Rich Compound

Abstract

This work describes the synthesis and the thermoanalytical characterization of guanidinium‐5‐aminotetrazolate (GA). GA is a new nitrogen‐rich energetic material. It is not mentioned in the chemical literature so far. The molecular structure of the compound has been determined by IR, 1H‐, 13C‐ and 15N‐NMR spectroscopy. The thermal properties, the decomposition pathways and its volatile products were investigated by thermal analysis and are discussed.

Polyazido High‐Nitrogen Compounds: Hydrazo‐ and Azo‐1,3,5‐triazine

“…[4] Recently, a new class of energetic compounds containing a large fraction of nitrogen has been investigated. [5][6][7][8] These "high-nitrogen" compounds form a unique class of energetic materials [5a, 9] whose energy is derived from their very high positive heat of formation rather than from the combustion of the carbon backbone or the ring/cage strain (Scheme 3). The high heat of formation is directly attributable to the large number of inherently energetic NÀN and CÀN bonds.…”

Structural and Theoretical Investigation of 3,4,5-Triamino-1,2,4-Triazolium Salts

“…These 1 H and 13 C shifts have been noted previously in many other high nitrogen heterocyclic systems. [15][16][17][18][19][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34] In the vibrational spectra, there were strong indications of nitrogen protonation, with the appearance of a large broad band from 2500-2900 cm -1 which is typical of N + -H---N interactions in the solid state and has been noted in a wide array of protonated nitrogen systems. 16,[35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43] A significant blue shift in a band assignable to a carbon-nitrogen double bond is noted in all of the salts, and is most likely from an exocyclic C=N rather than a ring C=N bond and was noted in all three x-ray structure solutions, which is strong evidence for guanidinium like (N-C(=NH 2 + )-N) resonance structures and has been noted previously in similar systems.…”

“…16,[35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43] A significant blue shift in a band assignable to a carbon-nitrogen double bond is noted in all of the salts, and is most likely from an exocyclic C=N rather than a ring C=N bond and was noted in all three x-ray structure solutions, which is strong evidence for guanidinium like (N-C(=NH 2 + )-N) resonance structures and has been noted previously in similar systems. [33][34][35]41 This will be discussed more in detail in the x-ray structure section below. Finally, there was strong evidence for the free oxy-anion in each of the respective salts, with vibrational bands easily assignable for nitrate 43,44 , (1350 cm -1 in the infrared, and 1043 cm -1 in the Raman); perchlorate 45,46 (1100 cm -1 in the infrared, and 926 cm -1 in the Raman); and the dinitramide [47][48][49][50] X-ray Crystallography.…”

Decomposition Mechanisms of Nitrogen Rich Pyrotechnics, DHT, DIAT and DAAT

“…Therefore, five-or six-membered nitrogen-containing heterocycles have been traditional sources of energetic materials. Triazole, tetrazole, and tetrazine derivatives have been investigated extensively as high-energy density materials (HEDMs) both theoretically and experimentally [19][20][21][22][23][24].…”