Synthesis, Characterization, and Synergistic Effects of Modified Biochar in Combination with α-Fe2O3 NPs on Biogas Production from Red Algae Pterocladia capillacea

Abstract

This study is the first work that evaluated the effectiveness of unmodified (SD) and modified biochar with ammonium hydroxide (SD-NH2) derived from sawdust waste biomass as an additive for biogas production from red algae Pterocladia capillacea either individually or in combination with hematite α-Fe2O3 NPs. Brunauer, Emmett, and Teller, Fourier transform infrared, thermal gravimetric analysis, X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, Raman, and a particle size analyzer were used to characterize the generated biochars and the synthesized α-Fe2O3. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) measurements confirmed the formation of amino groups on the modified biochar surface. The kinetic research demonstrated that both the modified Gompertz and logistic function models fit the experimental data satisfactorily except for 150 SD-NH2 alone or in combination with α-Fe2O3 at a concentration of 10 mg/L. The data suggested that adding unmodified biochar at doses of 50 and 100 mg significantly increased biogas yield compared to untreated algae. The maximum biogas generation (219 mL/g VS) was obtained when 100 mg of unmodified biochar was mixed with 10 mg of α-Fe2O3 in the inoculum.

Efficiency of Fe3O4 Nanoparticles with Different Pretreatments for Enhancing Biogas Yield of Macroalgae Ulva intestinalis Linnaeus

“…Numerous researchers have used the nonlinear regression models, and the modified Gompertz Equation (1) was applied to determine the cumulative biogas production [37,38]. The model mainly determines the lag phase, biomethane potential, and the max biogas production rate.…”

“…The model mainly determines the lag phase, biomethane potential, and the max biogas production rate. The biogas production data and the kinetic parameters were defined under widely recognized Equation (1) [37][38][39].…”

“…At 3396.25 cm −1 , the stretching vibration of OH was captured by the band. As a result of hydrolysis on the surface of Fe 3 O 4 , the nanoparticles were hydrated (Fe(OH) 2 , Fe(OH) 3 , and FeOOH) [38][39][40][41]. Therefore, the absorption peak at 436 cm −1 indicated that present goethite might be formed by oxidation of Fe(OH) 2 according to the below reaction in atmosphere in excess NaOH (Equation ( 3)):…”

Experimental Research on the Macroscopic and Microscopic Spray Characteristics of Diesel-PODE3-4 Blends

“…Thus, Colombia's government has implemented laws about promoting biodiesel production industry [10]. Hassaan et al [11] also suggested that the Egyptian government should pay more attention to the construction of biogas and biomethane production plants in the future.…”

Adsorption of Acid Red 35 (AR35) dye onto Mandarin Biochar-TETA (MBT) derived from Mandarin peels

“…The broad peak in the region of 2θ = 10-30 and 40°-50° is indexed as C (002) and (101) planes diffraction peaks indicating an amorphous carbon structure with randomly oriented aromatic sheets(Yeboah et al 2020). There is small peak around 2θ = 43.669 indicated that the adsorbent had an amorphous structure including cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin(Hassaan et al 2021;…”