Synthesis, characterization and potential application of organobentonite in removing 2,4-DCP from industrial wastewater

Structural characterization of hexadecyltrimethylammonium-smectite composites and their potentiometric electrode applications

“…The penetration of cationic surfactants not only changes the surface properties from hydrophilic to hydrophobic but also may change the charge of the raw clay layer from negative to positive if the excess of organic cations available [30][31][32][33].…”

Simultaneous removal of 2,4-dichlorophenol and Pb(II) from aqueous solution using organoclays: Isotherm, kinetics and mechanism

“…The 2,4-DCP and Pb(II) removal degree onto the organoclay was calculated using the equation R = (C 0 À C e )/C 0 Â 100%, where: R is the phenol removal degree; C 0 is the initial concentration; and C e is the equilibrium concentration [14]. Blank experiments (without adsorbent) were carried out in parallel.…”

“…Based on a further analysis of the Langmuir equation, the dimension parameter of the equilibrium or sorption intensity (R L ) can be expressed as [14,15]:…”

“…We have reported that bentonite modified with organic surfactants was used to remove 2,4-dichlorophenol (2,4-DCP) from aqueous solution [14]. In a subsequent report, organoclays were evaluated for their co-sorption of Pb(II) and 2,4-dichlorophenol (2,4-DCP) from aqueous solution.…”

Oil–water separation process with organoclays: A comparative analysis

“…Additionally, these clays are found in abundance and extremely cheap (e.g. 20 times cheaper than activated carbon) (Zhou et al, 2011). The intercalation of cationic surfactant molecules in the interlayer space through ion exchange is responsible for the improvement of the properties of the clay, as a consequence of an increase in the basal spacing and exposure of new adsorption sites of the clay (Park et al, 2011).…”