Synthesis, Characterization, and in Vitro Testing of Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles Targeted Using Folic Acid-Conjugated Dendrimers

Abstract

Organic-coated superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (OC-SPIONs) were synthesized and characterized by transmission electron microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. OC-SPIONs were transferred from organic media into water using poly(amidoamine) dendrimers modified with 6-TAMRA fluorescent dye and folic acid molecules. The saturation magnetization of the resulting dendrimer-coated SPIONs (DC-SPIONs) was determined, using a superconducting quantum interference device, to be 60 emu/g Fe versus 90 emu/g Fe for bulk magnetite. Selective targeting of the DC-SPIONs to KB cancer cells in vitro was demonstrated and quantified using two distinct and complementary imaging modalities: UV-visible and X-ray fluorescence; confocal microscopy confirmed internalization. The results were consistent between the uptake distribution quantified by flow cytometry using 6-TAMRA UV-visible fluorescence intensity and the cellular iron content determined using X-ray fluorescence microscopy.

Multifunctional Nanoplatform for Targeted Laser-induced Hyperthermia and Microscopy of Breast Cancer Cells using SPION-based Gold and Folic Acid Conjugated Nanodendrimers: An in vitro Assay

“…Figure 8D shows the fluorescence images of the MDA MB 231 cell lines after IDAF NCs uptake using blue, green and red filters of fluorescence microscope. These results indicate that all formulations are highly efficient in fluorescent labeling of breast cancer cells and are in good agreement with other researches who also confirmed the fluorescent property of dendrimer/folic acid nanoparticles [57,58]. It has been shown that after addition of HAuCl 4 to structure, the fluorescence intensity is red shifted towards the longer wavelength [59].…”

“…In order to quantitatively appraise attachment of AuNPs to MD, WDX (Wavelength-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy) analysis was performed. The analysis of distribution map of Fe element confirms the presence of gold phase in the prepared nanoparticles ( Figure 8C) [57]. The map distributions confirm that IDAF-Hydr and IDAF-10 NC have highest gold content.…”

Biomedical nanoparticles modulate specific CD4+T cell stimulation by inhibition of antigen processing in dendritic cells

“…Since there is no data yet available on SPION uptake by DCs, our in vitro data should be compared to similar studies performed with different cell types. As an example, Landmark et al (2008) exposed a carcinoma cell line to organic-coated super-paramagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles and observed frequent uptake within intracellular vesicles. Furthermore, due to a high autocorrelation between intra-cellular zinc and iron, the authors postulated an uptake mechanism through clathrin-coated pits, because zinc is a transmission metal typically associated with this mechanism of endocytosis.…”

Synthesis, Functionalization, and Design of Magnetic Nanoparticles for Theranostic Applications

“…[380] The precipitating agents are often synthetic polymers such as PEG, PVA, poly (acrylic acid) (PAA), poly (methylacrylic acid) (PMAA), poly (lactic acid) (PLA), polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), PEI and biopolymers such as carbohydrates (dextran, chitosan, alginate, arabinogalactan). In contrast to in situ approach, within the post synthesis strategy, bare magnetic cores will be introduced by coating materials onto their surface through ligand exchange, [140,381] direct grafting [382] or hydrophobic interactions. [383] Silica, polymers, gold and other organic dye molecules are of the most commonly used materials through this approach.…”