Synthesis, characterization and electrochemical properties of tetra 7-oxy-3-biphenylcoumarin substituted metal-free, zinc(II), cobalt(II) and indium(III) phthalocyanines

Novel peripherally and non-peripherally 6-oxyflavone substituted metal-free, zinc(II) and cobalt(II) phthalocyanines: Electrochemical and in situ spectroelectrochemical properties

“…The voltammetric behaviors of peripherally and non-peripherally 6-hydroxyflavonoxy substituted ZnPc, 6 and 9, and metal-free Pcs, 8 and 11 are similar in general to each other with some shifts which can be attributed to the differences in the polarizing effects of relevant metal centers (Table 2) [16,25]. This similarity proposes that all redox processes of 6 and 9 are Pc ring-based one-electron redox processes [20,26,27]. The first reduction of the Pc ligand is associated to the position of the LUMO, whereas the first oxidation of the ligand is associated to the position of the HOMO.…”

“…4H 2 O were purchased from Aldrich Chemical Co., and used as received. 4-Nitrophthalonitrile 2 and 3-nitrophthalonitrile 3 were prepared according to the reported procedures [20,21]. All reactions were carried out under nitrogen atmosphere.…”

“…Previous studies in the literature reported that peripheral/non-peripheral introduction of coumarin derivatives into Pc rings enhances their photochemical, photophysical, spectral and electrochemical properties [17][18][19][20][21]. In this study, the redox properties of the newly-synthesized metal free, zinc(II) and cobalt(II) Pcs bearing flavones substituents at peripheral and non-peripheral positions of the macrocycle (Scheme1) have been investigated by evaluation of the data from electrochemical and in situ spectroelectrochemical measurements.…”

Synthesis, characterization, aggregation and electrochemical properties of peripheral octa-2-{[4-(2-benzylphenoxy]benzyl]thio} ethoxy group substituted cobalt(II) phthalocyanine

“…Similar reflections are also observed in the electrochemical redox signals since the redox processes of Pcs compounds are affected and thus, can be arranged by many factors, including the nature of the central metal ions in the Pcs core, the binding positions of the substitution form, the molecular interactions like axial coordination and aggregation. 18,19 Therefore, the consequence of the aggregation phenomenon on the electrochemical redox processes of Pc compounds can also be detected and investigated. The combination of electronic absorption spectroscopy with voltammetry as in situ UV-Vis spectra electrochemistry provides a good illustration of the effect of aggregated species on the redox electrochemistry of these compounds.…”

Multicomponent reactions mediated by NbCl 5 for the synthesis of phthalonitrile-quinoline dyads: Methodology, scope, mechanistic insights and applications in phthalocyanine synthesis

“…Functionalized phthalonitriles are prepared by modifying pre-existing phthalonitriles using classical reaction approaches [25,26]. Usually they are prepared via aromatic substitution reactions (S N Ar) from substrates with good leaving groups such as NO 2 , N 2 + and halogens [25][26][27][28][29][30][31]. However, limitations on structural diversity are found, mainly for the synthesis of polyfunctionalized phthalonitriles and more sophisticated dyads.…”