Synthesis, characterization and application of a modified acrylamide–styrene sulfonate resin and a composite for sorption of some rare earth elements

Abstract

The present work was attempted to prepare three new sorbents including a poly(acrylamide-sodium styrene sulphonate) P(AM-SSS) hydrogel, a poly(hydroxamic acid-sodium styrene sulphonate) P(HA-SSS) modified polymeric resin and a poly(acrylamide-sodium styrene sulphonate-silicon oxide) P(AM-SSS-SiO 2 ) composite by irradiation template polymerization. The effective reaction parameters such as absorbed dose (kGy), crosslinker and monomer concentration, and the polymer/monomer ratio, which affect the degree of template polymerization, were optimized to get the maximum conversion percentage and high capacity. The physicochemical swelling behavior of the hydrogel was higher than the resin and the composite. Modification of the hydrogel into modified polymeric resin was achieved by using hydroxylamine hydrochloride. The modification process is indicated by FTIR characteristic absorption bands of -O-H and 4N-Ogroups of the hydroxamic groups. Furthermore, an organic-inorganic composite was prepared by introducing silica into the polymer, which is indicated by FTIR characteristic adsorption bands of the silica network at 1209 cm À1 and 960 cm À1 . The application of the prepared sorbents for removal of La 3+ , Ce 3+ , Nd 3+ , Eu 3+ and Pb 2+ from aqueous solution was investigated by a batch technique. Various factors influencing the sorption behaviors were tested such as shaking time, pH and initial metal ion concentration. The obtained results showed that the prepared composite has better uptake percentage and higher capacity than the resin and the hydrogel and the sorption efficiency of metal ions towards the three adsorbent materials obeys the order La 3+ 4 Ce 3+ 4 Nd 3+ 4 Eu 3+ 4 Pb 2+ .

Rapid optical tissue clearing using poly(acrylamide‐co‐styrenesulfonate) hydrogels for three‐dimensional imaging

“…Poly(sodium p ‐styrenesulfonate) (SS) is a strong polyelectrolyte and is widely used as a positive ion‐exchange resin. It has been reported that poly(acrylamide‐co‐styrenesulfonate) (poly(AAm‐co‐SS)) hydrogels can act as adsorbents for the removal and recovery of some compounds from aqueous solutions because of the gel expansion . Therefore, it was expected that polyelectrolyte hydrogels would contribute to rapid optical clearing because of their rapid removal of lipid molecules.…”

Polymeric Composite Materials Based On Silicate; I-Synthesis, Characterization And Formation Mechanism

“…DTA and TGA data were used here to provide an alternative model for the kinetics of the composite degradation. For all investigation studies of the composites the rate of heating is 10°C/min [17,34,42,43], and the data were tabulated in Tables 1 and 2. Table 1and indicates the process was occurring via five stage process and the weight loss are continued up to 500 o C. The weight loss for P(AM-AA)and P(AM-AN) prepared at radiation doses 25, 65 and 90KGy with the heating temperature indicates that a (67.15%, 100% and 68.3%) for P(AM-AA) and (56.98%, 61.3% and 25.5%) for P(AM-AN) when the samplesare calcinated at 500 o C [19].…”

“…After irradiation, the obtained hydrogel was cut into small pieces with a stainless steel scissors, soaked in acetone for removal of unreacted monomers, washed with water [17],dried at 50 o C, grained, sieved for different mesh sizes and stored at room temperature [18]. 2.5-COMPOSITION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF SYNTHESIZED COMPOSITES IR spectra of MgSi,P(AM-AA), P(AM-AN), {P(AM-AA)-MgSi} and {P(AM-AN)-MgSi} compositesprepared at different radiation doses were carried out by mixing of the solid with KOH in ratio 1:5 and ground to a very fine powder.…”

Separation of Uranium from Rare Earth Elements using Modified Polymeric Resin

“…The reaction is based on treatment of acrylonitrile with hydroxylamine [12]. About 20 g of the prepared P(AM-MA-AN) resin was placed into the two-neck flask, which was equipped with a mechanical stirrer, condenser and thermostat water bath.…”

“…In this respect, based on our previous work, series of experiments have been tested separately to evaluate the degree of contribution of each of the two reaction mechanisms (sorption and precipitation). Therefore, the sorption experiments for all the metal ions were tested in the pH range from 1 to 5 to avoid the metal hydrolysis [12,20].…”