Synthesis, Characterization, and Antibacterial Activity of Cross-Linked Chitosan-Glutaraldehyde

Abstract

This present study deals with synthesis, characterization and antibacterial activity of cross-linked chitosan-glutaraldehyde. Results from this study indicated that cross-linked chitosan-glutaraldehyde markedly inhibited the growth of antibiotic-resistant Burkholderia cepacia complex regardless of bacterial species and incubation time while bacterial growth was unaffected by solid chitosan. Furthermore, high temperature treated cross-linked chitosan-glutaraldehyde showed strong antibacterial activity against the selected strain 0901 although the inhibitory effects varied with different temperatures. In addition, physical-chemical and structural characterization revealed that the cross-linking of chitosan with glutaraldehyde resulted in a rougher surface morphology, a characteristic Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) band at 1559 cm−1, a specific X-ray diffraction peak centered at 2θ = 15°, a lower contents of carbon, hydrogen and nitrogen, and a higher stability of glucose units compared to chitosan based on scanning electron microscopic observation, FTIR spectra, X-ray diffraction pattern, as well as elemental and thermo gravimetric analysis. Overall, this study indicated that cross-linked chitosan-glutaraldehyde is promising to be developed as a new antibacterial drug.

Preparation and antibacterial activity of chitosan-based nanocomposites containing bentonite-supported silver and zinc oxide nanoparticles for water disinfection

“…The results obtained in this study are in agreement with previous studies (Wang et al, 2005;Beppu et al, 2007;Li et al, 2013), in which the crystallinity of Cts was found to decrease after cross-linking with GLA. This phenomenon has been attributed to the deformation of the hydrogen bond in the Cts caused by the substitution of the \ \OH and \ \NH 2 groups, which destroys Cts chains and results in the formation of amorphous GLA cross-linked Cts (Li et al, 2013). The reflections that appeared at 2θ = 26°and 28°, are attributed to Bent as indicated in the Bent Cts nanocomposites and not identified in the XRD reflection of Cts.…”

“…In the present study, SEM was used to assess morphological changes in Bent nanocomposites encapsulated in cross-linked Cts. The cross-linked Cts [parts been used as a cross-linking agent (Anirudhan and Rijith, 2009;Li et al, 2013). Although the cross-linked Cts exhibited a relatively rough morphology, Bent Cts nanocomposites exhibited a significant rougher morphology, with numerous protruding bulk-like agglomerates, as illustrated in parts (c) to (d) of Fig.…”

“…In the spectrum of cross-linked Cts, the strong broad band indicated at 3338 cm − 1 can be assigned to the N\ \H stretching vibration of \ \NH 2 groups. The presence of the 2885 cm − 1 band corresponds to the C\ \H stretching vibration of \ \CH 2 groups, the 1656 and 1559 cm −1 bands to N\ \H bending, the 1363 cm −1 band to C\ \H bending, and the intense band at 1033 cm −1 is assigned to C\ \O stretching (Beppu et al, 2007;Li et al, 2013). The Cts spectrum exhibits typical characteristics of Cts as reported in the literature, and all these bands are also present in the spectra of Bent Cts nanocomposites.…”

Sequestration of agrochemicals from aqueous media using cross-linked chitosan-based sorbents

“…The peak areas in Table 2 of the aforementioned broad IR bands for the CGi materials decrease with greater glutaraldehyde content. The attenuation of the signal for the N-H stretching vibration is due to the cross-linking of the chitosan amine group via glutaraldehyde, in agreement with the greater vibrational band intensity of the C=N group due to the formation of Schiff base adducts (Li et al 2013;Soliman et al 2013). The C=N group appears ca.…”

“…Similar trends are observed for vibrational bands in the spectral regions 1414-1423 cm -1 (CH 2 scissoring) and 649.3-650.1 cm -1 (CH 2 rocking) (Stuart 2005). The chitosan peaks at 1367 cm -1 (CH 3 bending vibrations) and 1126 cm -1 (C-O-C bending vibration) disappeared, indicating that the intensity of the two IR bands may be attenuated due to cross-linking of chitosan (Li et al 2013). The peak areas of the vibrational bands ca.…”