Synthesis, characterization and anti-inflammatory properties of karanjin (Pongamia pinnata seed) and its derivatives

Rekha, M.; Bettadaiah, B. K.; Muthukumar, S. P.; Govindaraju, K.

doi:10.1016/j.bioorg.2020.104471

Cited by 14 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…The compounds globulol, capric acid, palmitic acid, and lauric acid isolated from oil and root extract possess antioxidant, antiproliferative, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial activity. The present results agreed with the results obtained by Rekha et al (2021) , Sami et al (2022) , Arya et al (2022) who isolated the different phytocompounds from M . pinnata seed oil, and N .…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 93%

Green extraction of Milletia pinnata oil for the development, and characterization of pectin crosslinked carboxymethyl cellulose/guar gum herbal nano hydrogel

Bhagyashree Devidas,

Patil,

Sharma

et al. 2023

Front. Chem.

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Milletia pinnata oil and Nardostachys jatamansi are rich sources of bioactive compounds and have been utilized to formulate various herbal formulations, however, due to certain environmental conditions, pure extract form is prone to degradation. Therefore, in this, study, a green hydrodistillation technology was used to extract M. pinnata oil and N. jatamansi root for the further application in development of pectin crosslinked carboxymethyl cellulose/guar-gum nano hydrogel. Both oil and extract revealed the presence of spirojatamol and hexadecanoic acid methyl ester. Varied concentrations (w/w) of cross-linker and gelling agent were used to formulate oil emulsion extract gel (OEEG1, OEG1, OEEG2, OEG2, OEEG3, OEG3, OEEG4, OEG4, OEEG5, OEG5), in which OEEG2 and OEG2 were found to be stable. The hydrogel displayed an average droplet size of 186.7 nm and a zeta potential of −20.5 mV. Endo and exothermic peaks and the key functional groups including hydroxyl, amide II, and amide III groups confirmed thermal stability and molecular structure. The smooth surface confirmed structural uniformity. Bactericidal activity against both Gram-positive (25.41 ± 0.09 mm) and Gram-negative (27.25 ± 0.01 mm) bacteria and anti-inflammatory activity (49.25%–83.47%) makes nanohydrogel a potential option for treating various infections caused by pathogenic microorganisms. In conclusion, the use of green hydrodistillation technology can be used to extract the bioactive compounds that can be used in formulation of biocompatible and hydrophobic nanohydrogels. Their ability to absorb target-specific drugs makes them a potential option for treating various infections caused by pathogenic microorganisms.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 93%

Green extraction of Milletia pinnata oil for the development, and characterization of pectin crosslinked carboxymethyl cellulose/guar gum herbal nano hydrogel

Bhagyashree Devidas,

Patil,

Sharma

et al. 2023

Front. Chem.

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“…Compound 61 showed more active anti-inflammatory activity (inhibition, 75.45%) than the parent compound karanja (51.13% inhibition) and was comparable to the standard drug ibuprofen (77.27% inhibition). It can be seen that the isoxazole derivatives significantly reduced the effect of inflammatory mediators, thus inhibiting ear edema more effectively than its lead compound [ 85 ].…”

Section: Biological Effects Of Natural Products Containing the Isoxaz...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Isoxazole/Isoxazoline Skeleton in the Structural Modification of Natural Products: A Review

Wang

Tang

et al. 2023

Pharmaceuticals

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Isoxazoles and isoxazolines are five-membered heterocyclic molecules containing nitrogen and oxygen. Isoxazole and isoxazoline are the most popular heterocyclic compounds for developing novel drug candidates. Over 80 molecules with a broad range of bioactivities, including antitumor, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, cardiovascular, and other activities, were reviewed. A review of recent studies on the use of isoxazoles and isoxazolines moiety derivative activities for natural products is presented here, focusing on the parameters that affect the bioactivity of these compounds.

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“…Its ability to be fulfil the pharmacokinetics efficiently within the body could enhance its therapeutic effectiveness and reduce the risk of adverse effects [ 51 ]. Besides its role in managing diabetes, the phytocompound Karanjin is also implicated in diverse functions such as anti‐inflammatory [ 52 ], antioxidant [ 53 ], anti‐ulcer [ 53 ] and anti‐Alzheimer's [ 54 ] activities. Figure 1 briefly demonstrates the overall therapeutic activities exhibited by Karanjin.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multireceptor Analysis for Evaluating the Antidiabetic Efficacy of Karanjin: A Computational Approach

Nag,

Stany,

Mishra

et al. 2024

Endocrino Diabet & Metabol

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BackgroundDiabetes mellitus, notably type 2, is a rising global health challenge, prompting the need for effective management strategies. Common medications such as metformin, insulin, repaglinide and sitagliptin can induce side effects like gastrointestinal disturbances, hypoglycemia, weight gain and specific organ risks. Plant‐derived therapies like Karanjin from Pongamia pinnata present promising alternatives due to their historical use, holistic health benefits and potentially fewer adverse effects. This study employs in silico analysis to explore Karanjin's interactions with diabetes‐associated receptors, aiming to unveil its therapeutic potential while addressing the limitations and side effects associated with conventional medications.MethodologyThe research encompassed the selection of proteins from the Protein Data Bank (PDB), followed by structural refinement processes and optimization. Ligands such as Karanjin and standard drugs were retrieved from PubChem, followed by a comprehensive analysis of their ADMET profiling and pharmacokinetic properties. Protein–ligand interactions were evaluated through molecular docking using AutoDockTools 1.5.7, followed by the analysis of structural stability using coarse‐grained simulations with CABS Flex 2.0. Molecular dynamics simulations were performed using Desmond 7.2 and the OPLS4 force field to explore how Karanjin interacts with proteins over 100 nanoseconds, focusing on the dynamics and structural stability.ResultsKaranjin, a phytochemical from Pongamia pinnata, shows superior drug candidate potential compared to common medications, offering advantages in efficacy and reduced side effects. It adheres to drug‐likeness criteria and exhibits optimal ADMET properties, including moderate solubility, high gastrointestinal absorption and blood–brain barrier penetration. Molecular docking revealed Karanjin's highest binding energy against receptor 3L2M (Pig pancreatic alpha‐amylase) at −9.1 kcal/mol, indicating strong efficacy potential. Molecular dynamics simulations confirmed stable ligand–protein complexes with minor fluctuations in RMSD and RMSF, suggesting robust interactions with receptors 3L2M.ConclusionKaranjin demonstrates potential in pharmaceutical expansion for treating metabolic disorders such as diabetes, as supported by computational analysis. Prospects for Karanjin in pharmaceutical development include structural modifications for enhanced efficacy and safety. Nanoencapsulation may improve bioavailability and targeted delivery to pancreatic cells, while combination therapies could optimize treatment outcomes in diabetes management. Clinical trials and experimental studies are crucial to validate its potential as a novel therapeutic agent.

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Synthesis, characterization and anti-inflammatory properties of karanjin (Pongamia pinnata seed) and its derivatives

Cited by 14 publications

References 49 publications

Green extraction of Milletia pinnata oil for the development, and characterization of pectin crosslinked carboxymethyl cellulose/guar gum herbal nano hydrogel

Green extraction of Milletia pinnata oil for the development, and characterization of pectin crosslinked carboxymethyl cellulose/guar gum herbal nano hydrogel

Isoxazole/Isoxazoline Skeleton in the Structural Modification of Natural Products: A Review

Multireceptor Analysis for Evaluating the Antidiabetic Efficacy of Karanjin: A Computational Approach

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