Synthesis and thermo-responsive behavior of fluorescent labeled microgel particles based on poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) and its related polymers

Quantification and Confocal Imaging of Protein Specific Molecularly Imprinted Polymers

“…Two-photon excitation of a fluorophore takes place when two photons are simultaneously absorbed by a fluorophore and result in the excitation of the fluorophore to a higher energy level that reflects the sum of the energy of the two arriving photons (16) . This can be explained upon considering the highly folded quaternary structure of the protein (18) .…”

“…Fluorescent detection of small organic template molecules has been extensively employed in different forms (10,11) , and hydrogels have been imaged using confocal microscopy and employed in a variety of differing functional roles (12)(13)(14) . Additionally, fluorescently labelled hydrogels have also been imaged using confocal microscopy, with the swelling characteristics, quenching effects and thermo-responsive nature of polyacrylamide gels being of particular interest (15,16) Albumin is a large and robust protein molecule suitable for aqueous phase molecular imprinting as it is a clinically significant biomarker of a variety Up to now, confocal microscopy has not been employed to image the presence of fluorescent template molecules within aqueous phase molecularly imprinted polymers. We report of the design and manufacture of a polyacrylamide based HydroMIP for an FITC labelled albumin template molecule and detail its structure using confocal microscopy.…”

Thermo-responsive behavior and microenvironments of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) microgel particles as studied by fluorescent label method

“…NIPAM was twice recrystallized from n-hexane and other chemicals were used without further purification. Fluorescent probe monomers DBD-AE [18] and VDP [7], and their monomer unit model compounds 4-N,N -(dimethylamino)-7-N,N -dimethylaminosulfonyl-2,1,3-benzoxadiazole (DBD-NMe 2 ) [18] and 3-ethyl-9-(4-N,N -dimethylaminophenyl)phenanthrene (EtDP) [7] (chemical structures are shown in Fig. 1) were used as previously prepared.…”

“…At room temperature the PNIPAM microgel particles dispersed in water are in the swollen state owing to hydrogen bondings between water and the amide groups of both the NIPAM units and the MBAM units [6], but as the microgel dispersion is heated, the microgel particles shrink above their phase transition temperature and are in the collapsed state. In our previous paper [7], we reported the thermo-responsive behavior and the microenvironments of the PNIPAM microgel particles labeled with a polarity-sensitive fluorescent molecule 3-(2-propenyl)-9-(4-N,N -dimethylaminophenyl)phenanthrene (VDP) (chemical structure is shown in Fig. 1) dispersed in water.…”

Photon Force-Induced Phase Transition Dynamics of Single Hydrogel Nanoparticles in Water

“…• C) and understood using the fluorescent probe technique that the microenvironment inside the gel particles changed to hydrophobic [22]. In addition, the hydrophilicity inside the gel particles at swollen state could decrease with the increase in crosslinker concentration [23].…”