Synthesis and testing of polyalkenyl succinimides as components of detergent additives for motor fuels

Abstract

Alkenyl succinimides with different alkyl chain lengths have been synthesized. Alkenyl succinim ide samples based on polyisobutylene with molecular weights of 1000 and 1300 have displayed the best func tional properties. By differential thermal analysis, it has been shown that these samples have high thermal sta bility and do not decompose at temperatures of about 300°C. Two representative samples of polyalkenyl suc cinimides in the composition of blended gasoline have been subjected to bench testing in a full sized engine. A significant reduction in deposits on the engine intake valves has been noted upon testing the fuel in the pres ence of the synthesized samples with a concentration of 0.05 wt %.

Quantitative characterization of the aqueous fraction from hydrothermal liquefaction of algae

“…Pyridine, pyrazine, and their alkyl derivatives are intermediate chemicals for the production of agrochemicals and drugs [35,36], and are widely used as solvents in homogenous catalysis [37,38]. N-methyl succinimide and N-ethyl succinimide also have a wide variety of applications including detergents [39], clinical drugs [40,41], fuel additives, and lubricating oil additives [39]. The organic acids present in these aqueous byproducts can be catalytically converted to high-value polymeric precursors (i.e., ketones or esters) [42].…”

High‐performance thin‐layer chromatography with atmospheric solids analysis probe mass spectrometry for analysis of gasoline polymeric additives

“…Some of these additives belong to the class of surfactants and polymers and are added to gasoline to clean and keep the motor clean. [6][7][8][9] Nowadays, numerous analytical techniques are available for the study of polymers [10][11][12] but only a few articles deal with the characterization or the quantification of additives in gasoline or diesel fuel.…”

Quantificação De Aditivos Detergentes E Dispersantes Em Gasolinas Por Termogravimetria

“…aditivos antidetonantes) quanto para melhorar as características de desempenho e ambientais dos combustíveis convencionais (ex. aditivos detergentes dispersantes) [3] e [4].…”

“…O componente ativo de um aditivo é um constituinte que melhora as propriedades do combustível automotivo e o diluente é, geralmente, o solvente que adicionado ao componente ativo facilita a sua solubilização no combustível automotivo. , os pacotes de aditivos detergentes são compostos pelos seus componentes ativos, tais como aminas, amidas, amino amidas, alquenil succinimidas, polibutenos de amidas, dissolvidos em óleos minerais [4], [6], [9] e [10].…”