Synthesis and Testing of Catalysts for Decrease of Toxic Emissions of Vehicles

Abstract

Catalysts on the metal block carriers for decrease exhaust gases of motor transport were synthesized and tested. Stability of the carrier and the active phase of the catalysts to poisons SO 2 and oxygen in the processes of cleaning of exhaust gases was studied. In the presence of 3% oxygen, the catalyst activity was considerably increased, especially for Co+Mn and Ni+Mn, but increase in content of oxygen to 10% reduced effectiveness of catalysts. Nickel-manganese catalyst promoted with 0.1 wt.% Pt was the most stable against oxygen influence. The activity of catalysts based on Pt, Pt+Pd, Pd in presence of SO 2 decreased at low test temperatures, but after calcination at 500°C with air blowing for 2 h activity of Pt catalyst was almost returned and reached 80%. After the tests of the catalysts at the stand on the basis of the diesel generator (5GF-LDE with power of 5 kVA) degree of conversion of CO was 99.6%, hydrocarbons-80.7 %, nitrogen oxides -60-61.9%.

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