Synthesis and Surface Properties of a pH-Regulated and pH-Reversible Anionic Gemini Surfactant

Abstract

A new series of N,N'-dialkyl-N,N'-diacetate ethylenediamine, differing by the length of the carbon tails (8, 10, and 12), was synthesized in two steps. Their surface properties and aggregation behavior were studied in aqueous solution using pH titration, surface tension, zeta potential, dynamic light scattering (DLS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and fluorescence measurements. On the basis of the pKa values obtained, surface tension was measured, as well as key surface property parameters. Combined with the zeta potential and DLS results, the experiments produced vesicles and reflected their pH-controllability through subsequent TEM and fluorescence measurements. pH-switchability was found to be reversible by light transmittance. Emulsion stability of dodecane-in-water in different pH showed that emulsion type was reversed between "on" for the O/W emulsion type and "off" for the W/O.

The Effect of Polar Head and Chain Length on the Physicochemical Properties of Micellization and Adsorption of Amino Alcohol‐Based Surfactants

“…The aggregation of surfactants in micellar structures is a phenomenon that depends on the molecular structure of the surfactant and the conditions of the surfactant solution (Akram et al, ; Grillo et al, ; Lv et al, ; Pan et al, ; Phani Kumar et al, , ; Prameela et al, , , ; Wattebled and Laschewsky, ). The formation of micelles for ionic surfactants in solution is mainly controlled by the equilibrium between two opposing forces such as the attractive interaction between the linear hydrophobic chains and the electrostatic repulsion between the ionic groups (Akram et al, ; Maiti et al, ).…”

Unusual pH-regulated surface adsorption and aggregation behavior of a series of asymmetric gemini amino-acid surfactants

“…In our previous work, 29 symmetric gemini surfactants N,N 0 -dialkyl-N,N 0 -diacetate ethylenediamine (Ace(n)-2-Ace(n)) were synthesized and we performed investigations of a series of their properties. Zana's group 26-28 synthesized a series of bis (quaternary ammonium bromide) surfactants and studied aggregate transition behaviors.…”

Synthesis and physiochemical properties of novel gemini surfactants with phenyl-1,4-bis(carbamoylmethyl) spacer

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A series of novel gemini surfactants, namely phenyl-1,4-bis [(carbamoylmethyl) N,N-dimethylalkyl ammonium chloride)] (a, b and c) were synthesized systematically and characterized by FT IR, 1 H NMR, 13 C NMR and MS. Their surface and bulk properties were evaluated by surface tension, conductivity, viscosity, dynamic light scattering (DLS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) measurements. [21][22][23][24] The most widely studied gemini surfactants are cationic alkanediyl-α,ω-bis (alkyldimethyl -ammonium) dibromide, which are referred to as CMC s C m , where m and s stand for the carbon atom number in the tail alkyl chain and in the methylene spacer, respectively. The DLS and TEM studies showed that the aggregations of the above surfactants changed from larger globule vesicles and smaller globule micelles to network aggregates and then to globule vesicles with the increase of the surfactant concentration.

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