Synthesis and Surface Properties of Novel Carboxylic Ester‐Containing Imidazolium‐Based Zwitterionic Surfactants: Monoalkyl 2‐(3‐Methylimidazolium‐1‐yl) Succinate Inner Salts

Surfactant mixtures are used in many different industrial formulations. In this study, the mixed micelle formation behavior of 2 different cationic surfactants, namely dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide (DTAB) and benzyldimethylhexadecylammonium chloride (BDHAC), in the absence and presence of urea at various temperatures (298.15–318.15 K) was studied using the conductometric method. The attractive interaction between DTAB and BDHAC was estimated from the values of critical micelle concentration (CMC) and the CMC for ideal mixing (CMCid). Urea increases the CMC value as a result of the enrichment in the surface charge of the micelles/mixed micelles. The values of micellar mole fraction (X1Rub [Rubingh], X1M [Motomura], X1Rod [Rodenas]) and ideal micellar (X1id) of surfactant BDHAC were obtained by different models and are shown to exhibit the high contribution or effective involvement of BDHAC in mixed micelles and increase with increasing BDHAC mole fraction (α1). Activity coefficients (f1 and f2) were also evaluated from the relevant formula given in the literature. The negative values of the interaction parameters (β) show the attractive interaction among the studied components. Excess Gibbs free energy (∆Gex) of micellization revealed that the stability of mixed micelles is higher in aqueous solution than in urea solution. The thermodynamic parameters, namely the Gibbs free energy change, enthalpy change, and entropy change (∆Gom, ΔHom, and ∆Som, respectively), were also calculated from the conventional standard equations.

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

Conductometric Probe Analysis of the Effect of Benzyldimethylhexadecylammonium Chloride on the Micellization Behavior of Dodecyltrimethylammonium Bromide in Aqueous/Urea Solution: Investigation of Concentration and Temperature Effect

Molla

Rana

Rub

et al. 2018

“…Π CMC is described by applying the following equation:

Π_{CMC} = γ_{0} - γ_{CMC},

where γ 0 is the surface tension for pure solvent and γ CMC is the surface tension at CMC. Surface pressure at CMC can be used to calculate the effectiveness of surfactants to reduce surface tension of water as an indication of the maximum reduction at surface tension (Chen et al, 2017). Π CMC values have been decreased with decreasing hydrophobicity of spacers.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis, Characterization, Antibacterial Activity, and Interfacial and Micellar Features of Novel Cationic Gemini Surfactants with Different Spacers

Sarıkaya

Bilgen

Ünver

et al. 2021

In the present study, four novel imidazolium‐based cationic gemini surfactants (IBCGS) have been synthesized, having same hydrocarbon chain lengths and different spacers. The impacts of type and nature of spacer on Krafft temperatures (TK) have been examined. Micellization behaviors of IBCGS have been investigated at different temperatures above TK by both surface tension and specific conductivity measurements. Surface activity properties of aqueous systems have been calculated using the results of the measurement data. Critical micelle concentration (CMC), surface pressure at CMC (ПCMC), minimum area of head group (Amin), degree of counterion binding (β), degree of counterion dissociation (α), and maximum surface excess (Γmax) of IBCGS have been calculated with data of surface tension and specific conductivity. IBCGS have low CMC values than other imidazole categories of gemini and monomeric cationic surfactants. Micelle aggregation number (Nagg) values have been determined with the steady‐state fluorescence quenching method. The values of Nagg have been found in the range of 19–28. Additionally, the antibacterial activities of IBCGS on gram‐positive and gram‐negative bacteria have been investigated. IBCGS studied in this article have showed perfect antibacterial activity particularly against gram‐positive bacteria. The data obtained in this study may be benefical for the surfactant applications in different areas.

“…:

Π_{CMC} = γ_{0} - γ_{CMC}

where γ 0 and γ CMC are the surface tension of pure water and the surface tension at the CMC, respectively. γ CMC can be used to calculate the effectiveness of surfactant to reduce the surface tension of water as an indication of the maximum reduction of surface tension (Chen et al, ; Farooq et al, ). The values of Π cmc are given Table .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of Mixing Behavior of both a Conventional Surfactant and Different Inorganic Salts with a Cationic Gemini Surfactant in Aqueous Solution

Sarıkaya

Bilgen

Akbaş

2019

N,N′‐bis [3‐(dodecanoylamino)propyl]‐N,N,N′,N′‐tetramethylhexane‐1,6‐diaminium dibromide is a cationic Gemini surfactant including quaternary ammonium salt with amide groups. Critical micelle concentration (CMC) and some thermodynamic parameters of the cationic Gemini surfactant were investigated using surface tension and conductivity methods. Mixed micellization of binary mixtures of the cationic Gemini surfactant with a conventional surfactant cetyl trimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) was investigated using the conductometric method at five different temperatures ranging from 303.15 to 323.15 K. CMC, micellar ionization degree (αm), counterion binding constant (g1), interaction parameter (β), and activity coefficients (f1M and f2M) of mixed systems were found out from data of conductivity at different mole fractions for all studied temperatures. Additionally, the effects of some inorganic salts with different concentrations on the surface properties of cationic Gemini surfactant were examined by surface tension measurements. Some surface properties of the pure cationic Gemini surfactant and mixed salts systems were calculated using the data of surface tension.