Synthesis and Surface Activity of Guerbet Betaine Surfactants with Ethylene Oxide Groups

Abstract

Three series of Guerbet betaine surfactants with ethylene oxide groups were synthesized by Guerbet alkyl polyoxyethylene ether surfactants, epichlorohydrin, dimethylamine and sodium chloro-acetate. Their structures were confirmed by MS. The critical micelle concentrations (CMC) and surface tension at CMC (γCMC) of all prepared Guerbet betaine surfactants were determined by K100C processor tensiometer with the Wilhelmy-plate method at 25°C. It is found that synthesized surfactants exhibit great efficiency of reducing surface tension. As the number of ethylene oxide groups increases, the γCMC gradually increases. As the length of the hydrophobic chain of Guerbet betaine surfactants increases, the γCMC increases firstly and then decreases.

Solubility of Nonionic Hydrocarbon Surfactants with Different Hydrophobic Tails in Supercritical CO2

“…Carbon dioxide with a mass purity greater than 99.5% is purchased from Dalian Gas Co. Ltd. TX45 and TX100 (mass fraction purity > 99%) are purchased from Sigma-Aldrich. Guerbet alkyl polyoxyethylene ethers (mass fraction purity > 99%) and linear alkyl polyoxyethylene ethers (mass fraction purity > 99%) are prepared from Guerbet alkyl alcohol (Jarchem Industries, Inc., Newark, NJ, USA) at Liaoning Oxiranchem Co., Ltd., Liaoyang, China . Mass spectra of the surfactants are listed in our previous work .…”

“…Guerbet alkyl polyoxyethylene ethers (mass fraction purity > 99%) and linear alkyl polyoxyethylene ethers (mass fraction purity > 99%) are prepared from Guerbet alkyl alcohol (Jarchem Industries, Inc., Newark, NJ, USA) at Liaoning Oxiranchem Co., Ltd., Liaoyang, China. 36 Mass spectra of the surfactants are listed in our previous work. 36 A series of Guerbet alkyl polyoxyethylene ethers use the abbreviation GCm(n), where m represents hydrocarbon chain length (Scheme 1).…”

Synthesis and aggregation behaviors of tail-branched surfactant Guerbet-cetyl trimethyl ammonium chloride

“…The synthesis and properties of Guerbet alcohols have been adequately investigated [2][3][4][5], and studies on their derivatives have been attracting great attention due to excellent performances and valuable applications derived from the unique β-branched structure [6,7]. Among various derivatives, surfactants derived from Guerbet alcohol is one of the most useful products for their outstanding properties which are ascribed to the presence of Guerbet-type hydrophobic chain [8][9][10][11][12].…”

Structural Effects of Nonionic Surfactants on Their Ability to Reduce the Dissolution Pressures of Heavy Hydrocarbons in Supercritical CO2

“…The mass spectra of the surfactants were presented in our previous work (Qiao, Cui, Zhu, & Cai, ). C m ( n ) denotes the linear alkyl polyoxyethylene ethers; a series of Guerbet alkyl polyoxyethylene ethers are described by the abbreviation GC m ( n ), shown in Scheme , where the subscript n represents the average number of repeat units (Ethylene Oxide [EO]) per molecule and m represents the hydrocarbon chain length.…”