Synthesis and study of the thermal crosslinking of bis(<i>m</i>‐aminophenyl) methylphosphine oxide based benzoxazine

Spontón, Marisa Elisabet; Larrechi, M. Soledad; Ronda, Juan C.; Galià, Marina; Cádiz, Virgínia

doi:10.1002/pola.23022

Cited by 61 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…The UL 94 rating decreased to V‐1 and no rating when average curing temperature increased and, furthermore, without MI. Such an improvement was very remarkable in comparison with results reported in the literature, as shown in Figure . The increased effectiveness of EBM–LT with the addition of MI and the further effectiveness at a lower curing temperature were evidenced by the LOI increment value of 10.3 and the UL 94 V‐0 rating, which exceeded most reported composites.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 82%

Intrinsic flame‐retardant epoxy resin composites with benzoxazine: Effect of a catalyst and a low curing temperature

Chen

Song

Wang

et al. 2019

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Three kinds of inherent flame‐retardant epoxy resin (EP) composites with 20 wt % benzoxazine (BOZ) were prepared with different curing processes with 2‐methyl‐1H‐imidazole (MI) as a catalyst or/and changes in the curing temperature. The effects of the curing process on the flame retardancy, thermal stability, mechanical properties, and curing behaviors were investigated. The composite with added MI cured at low temperature (EBM–LT) had the best properties. It possessed a 35.3% limiting oxygen index and achieved a UL 94 V‐0 rating. Thermogravimetric analysis indicated that EBM–LT had the best thermal stability among the three kinds of EP composites with BOZ. The EP composites with BOZ mainly displayed a condensed‐phase flame‐retardant mechanism. The mechanical properties improvement was attributed to the formation of a heterogeneous network. Differential scanning calorimetry indicated that MI reacted with EP and catalyzed the homopolymerization of BOZ, and EP reacted with BOZ. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analysis indicated that curing at lower temperature caused the formation of more homopolymers of BOZ. The relationship of the curing process, network structure, and properties of EP composites with BOZ was established; this could help with the design of high‐performance EP composites with BOZ. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019, 136, 47847.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 82%

Intrinsic flame‐retardant epoxy resin composites with benzoxazine: Effect of a catalyst and a low curing temperature

Chen

Song

Wang

et al. 2019

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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“…Typically, the subject material is irradiated with heat intensity similar to that experienced in a fire situation (25–75 kW/m 2 ). This method enables investigations with respect to heat release rate (HRR), total heat release (THR), time to ignition (TTI), time to peak heat release (TTPH) and mass loss during combustions [19]. These exact values are tabulated in Table 3 for different samples.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship between the distribution of organo‐montmorillonite and the flammability of flame retardant polypropylene

Chen

Guo

Fang

2011

Polymer Engineering & Sci

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This article studies the relationship between the distribution of organically modified montmorillonite (OMMT) and the flammability of flame retardant polypropylene which consists of polypropylene (PP), brominated epoxy resin‐antimony oxide (BER‐AO) and OMMT. Polypropylene‐graft‐maleic anhydride (PP‐g‐MAH) was used to increase the polarity of PP and aid the dispersion of OMMT. Two model systems, PP/BER‐AO/OMMT and PP/PP‐g‐MAH/BER‐AO/OMMT composites, have been prepared by melt blending. TEM studies reveal a significant change in the distribution of OMMT for these two systems. For the first composites, OMMT platelets are aggregated in the BER‐AO domains, whereas for the second composites, OMMT platelets are dispersed in the PP matrix. The flame retardant properties of the second composite reflected by UL 94 vertical burning test and cone calorimetry are better than that of the first one. When OMMT platelets aggregate in BER‐AO domains as in the first composite, the BER‐AO associated with OMMT may agglomerate into long ribbon‐like structures during burning, inducing uneven distribution of BER‐AO. As a result, loose and uneven residues are formed at the end of combustion. In comparison, OMMT platelets dispersed in polymer matrix are more efficient at stabilizing the polymer and preventing aggregation of BER‐AO during burning, which induce thick and uniform char layers at the end of combustion. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 2012. © 2011 Society of Plastics Engineers

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“…To date, some limited studies have been carried out on PBZs following the incorporation of organophosphorus compounds such as the 9,10‐dihydro‐9‐oxa‐10‐phosphaphenanthrene‐10‐oxide (DOPO) group, which informs its use in the present study, including studies by Lin et al . and Cádiz et al . in which DOPO was introduced as covalently bound moiety.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Examining the Influence of Organophosphorus Flame Retardants on the Thermal Behavior of Aromatic Polybenzoxazines

Taylor

Cavalli

Hamerton

2018

Macro Chemistry & Physics

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2,2‐bis(3,4‐Dihydro‐3‐phenyl‐2H‐1,3‐benzoxazine)propane (BA‐a) is blended with three commercial organophosphorus compounds, bis(4‐ hydroxyphenyl)phenylphosphine oxide (BHPPO), diphenyl phosphorami‐date (DPPA), and 9,10‐dihydro‐9‐oxa‐10‐phosphaphenanthrene‐10‐oxide (DOPO), at different loadings (1–10 wt%). Incorporation of all dopants results in a reduction in the initiation temperature for the curing mechanism (by some 30–60 K), but only the DOPO truly moves the curing into a lower temperature regime by decreasing the end temperature by 25 K (DPPA lowered this by 5 K). DPPA and DOPO are also shown to have a significant effect on the enthalpy of polymerization each decreasing the value by 50 J g−1. Differential scanning calorimetry rescan indicates all three additives have a positive impact on the glass transition temperature of poly(BA‐a) with increases of 9 K (BHPPO) and 14 K (DPPA, DOPO). Thermogravimetric analysis indicates that all additives have little effect on the magnitude of char formed (BHPPO and DPPA both increased the char yield by 3%, whereas DOPO reduces the nal char yield by 3%). However, importantly, the mechanism of thermal degradation for poly(BA‐a) differs for all three additives and is shown to change with increasing concentra‐ tion. DOPO has the greatest effect on promoting the formation of char at elevated temperatures.

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Synthesis and study of the thermal crosslinking of bis(m‐aminophenyl) methylphosphine oxide based benzoxazine

Cited by 61 publications

References 36 publications

Intrinsic flame‐retardant epoxy resin composites with benzoxazine: Effect of a catalyst and a low curing temperature

Intrinsic flame‐retardant epoxy resin composites with benzoxazine: Effect of a catalyst and a low curing temperature

Relationship between the distribution of organo‐montmorillonite and the flammability of flame retardant polypropylene

Examining the Influence of Organophosphorus Flame Retardants on the Thermal Behavior of Aromatic Polybenzoxazines

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