The parent ketene [
463‐51‐4
] and its dimer diketene [
674‐82‐8
] are of significant industrial importance, serving as starting material for many intermediates used mainly for the production of pigments, drugs and agrochemicals and intermediates for the paper industry. The most important intermediates consist of acetic anhydride, acetoacetic esters, amides and anilides. The use of ketene for the production of acetic anhydride has often been used for “recycling” acetic acid. Acetoacetic esters or diketene are utilized for the production of various heterocyclic intermediates. Long chain (C12 ‐ C20) Alkyl derivatives have been used as paper sizing agents.
Ketenes typically possess a high reactivity, reacting readily with nucleophiles or undergoing [2+2] cycloadditions with double bonds as well as single bond insertions with polarized single bonds. The high reactivity is responsible for the limited stability under normal conditions; hence many ketenes exist merely as transient species. Diketene and its derivatives react with electrophilic and nucleophilic reagents, providing a broad spectrum of possibilities for possible products.