Synthesis and research of (Ni _{0. 1} Co _{0 . 3} Mn _{0 .6} ) ₃ O ₄ as lithium‐ion battery conversion‐type anode using spen

Abstract

LiNi 1-x-y Co x Mn y O 2 lithium-ion battery, as the most installed battery of new energy vehicles, is facing the problem of large-scale scrap. In this paper, (Ni 0.1 Co 0.3 Mn 0.6 ) 3 O 4 anode material with a microsphere structure was successfully synthesized by carbonate coprecipitation method, which was obtained by recycling spent LiNi 0.6 Co 0.2 Mn 0.2 O 2 lithium-ion batteries through hydrometallurgy technology. This method eliminates the cumbersome separation steps, reduces the process cost, and realizes efficient recovery of valuable metals. The (Ni 0.1 Co 0.3 Mn 0.6 ) 3 O 4 anode material was characterized by inductively coupled plasma, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction analysis, scanning electron microscopy, and electrochemical measurements. The results show that (Ni 0.1 Co 0.3 Mn 0.6 ) 3 O 4 anode material has a microsphere structure with high crystallinity and exhibits a high discharge capacity (1575 mAhÁg −1 at 100 mAÁg −1 ) and a good cycling performance (659 mAhÁg −1 at 100 mAÁg −1 after 50 cycles). This work provides a new idea for the recycling of spent LiNi 1-x-y Co x Mn y O 2 batteries.

Progress in Iron Oxides Based Nanostructures for Applications in Energy Storage

“…Among the energy storage devices with wide applications, LIBs are an important candidates for highly effective energy storage system [ 12 – 24 ]. However, the current commercial graphite anode has the limitations, e.g., a relatively low theoretical capacity (372 mA h g −1 ), and some electrochemically active materials are proposed to be applied in LIBs [ 25 – 29 ]. In 2000, Poizot et al [ 30 ] reported that the transition metal oxides (TMOs) are considered as a kind of important anodes in LIBs since their high theoretical capacities 2–3 times that of graphite.…”

Electrochemical storage behavior of NiCo 2 O 4 nanoparticles anode with structural and morphological evolution in lithium‐ion and sodium‐ion batteries

“…To replace the current intercalation-type electrode materials, a vast number of first-row transition metal oxides (TMOs) such as zinc oxide, nickel oxide, manganese oxide, copper oxide, cobalt oxide, and iron oxide are regarded as promising candidates. [7][8][9] Among these, spinel-type cobalt oxide (Co 3 O 4 ) possesses promising capacity values and retention. In the meantime, the spinel cobaltite (ACo 2 O 4 , where A = Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, Ni, or Co) is also suitable for use as the anode in LIBs.…”

“…upon the delithiation or desodiation processes. [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][23][24][25] However, the estimated Gibbs free energies for the conversion reaction of TMOs with Na are more positive and thermodynamically less favorable when compared with those of Li. 26 Therefore, a comprehensive investigation is essential to determine the practicability of TMOs in SIBs.…”