“…3b and Table S8, ESI †), respectively, which were calculated by the onset absorption of polymers according to the formula of E g = 1240/l edg . 18 The electrochemical behavior of the polymers was investigated using cyclic voltammetry (Fig. 3c and d), and the LUMO energy levels of the monocyclic and bicyclic polymers were obtained from the onset reduction potential (E red onset ): E LUMO = À(4.4 + E red onset ), which was À4.12 and À4.11 eV, respectively.…”