Synthesis and properties of hydrophobically associating polymer fracturing fluid

Ma, Xin; Mu, Hongli; Hu, Yingying; Yang, Shu

doi:10.1016/j.colsurfa.2021.127013

Cited by 27 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Hydrophobically associating polysaccharides/polymers can be produced by introducing hydrophobic groups into the molecular chains of hydrophilic compounds; this introduction is commonly achieved through etherification . The network structure of the hydrophobically associating polysaccharides/polymers may enhance the saline, temperature, and shear resistance of compounds. − The enhanced saline and temperature resistance were observed for hydrophobically modified acrylamide, synthesized using phenylethylamine and 1-bromohexadecane . 1-Bromohexadecane can be integrated into polysaccharides/polymers due to its long hydrophobic molecular chain with bromide …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The network structure of the hydrophobically associating polysaccharides/polymers may enhance the saline, temperature, and shear resistance of compounds. − The enhanced saline and temperature resistance were observed for hydrophobically modified acrylamide, synthesized using phenylethylamine and 1-bromohexadecane . 1-Bromohexadecane can be integrated into polysaccharides/polymers due to its long hydrophobic molecular chain with bromide …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We hypothesized that the altered polysaccharide structure would lead to improved salinity resistance. To test this hypothesis, we fabricated hydrophobically modified welan gum (HWG) by using 1-bromohexadecane through NaOH catalysis, a cost-effective method. , We assessed the viscosity and associated thermal and shear resistances of HWG under saline conditions. Furthermore, we analyzed changes in the HWG structure, which provided insights into the improved properties of the polysaccharide.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…33−37 The enhanced saline and temperature resistance were observed for hydrophobically modified acrylamide, synthesized using phenylethylamine and 1-bromohexadecane. 38 1-Bromohexadecane can be integrated into polysaccharides/polymers due to its long hydrophobic molecular chain with bromide. 38 This study manufactured high-efficiency natural-productbased polysaccharides that could be applied in current fossil fuel exploitation and other scenarios and to elucidate the relationship between the structure and properties of poly-saccharides.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…38 1-Bromohexadecane can be integrated into polysaccharides/polymers due to its long hydrophobic molecular chain with bromide. 38 This study manufactured high-efficiency natural-productbased polysaccharides that could be applied in current fossil fuel exploitation and other scenarios and to elucidate the relationship between the structure and properties of poly-saccharides. We hypothesized that the altered polysaccharide structure would lead to improved salinity resistance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Viscosity and Structure Characterization of the 1-Bromohexadecane-Modified Welan Gum in the Saline Solution

Wang

Chen

et al. 2022

Energy Fuels

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Advanced industrial (e.g., hydraulic fracturing) and environmental demands necessitate the development of natural products with excellent properties. This study developed a new polysaccharide product by hydrophobically modifying welan gum by using 1-bromohexadecane under NaOH catalysis. This is the first study reporting the introduction of a long hydrophobic chain into welan gum to enhance its viscosity in saline solutions. Comparative analyses showed that hydrophobically modified welan gum (HWG) displayed higher solution viscosity (225.58 mPa·s) than welan gum (110.34 mPa·s) with 85,000 mg·L–1 mixed salts. Moreover, the viscosity of HWG solution (20.58 mPa·s) remained higher than that of welan gum (16.39 mPa·s) at 120 °C and 170 s–1 shear stress, with 85,000 mg·L–1 mixed salts. The scanning electron microscopy images suggested network structure formation by inferring the altered surface morphology of HWG after the modification of the original welan gum structure. The Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analysis demonstrated that the bands of the C–H and C–O–C associated with the 1-bromohexadecane increased in HWG. The changed molecular structure was confirmed using the altered diffraction bands of X-ray diffraction spectra and the decreased decomposition rate (1.08 times lower) of HWG compared with those of welan gum obtained from thermogravimetric analysis and differential thermogravimetry analysis. The pyrene-based fluorescence analysis revealed the presence of the hydrophobic microdomains of HWG. Our study suggested HWG to be a promising candidate for fabricating highly viscous and saline fluids for hydraulic fracturing fluids and other potential applications and highlighted the vital role of macromolecular structures in determining the functional properties.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Viscosity and Structure Characterization of the 1-Bromohexadecane-Modified Welan Gum in the Saline Solution

Wang

Chen

et al. 2022

Energy Fuels

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Preparation and properties research of a bifunctional hydrophobic associative polymer drag reduction agent for slick water

Sun

Zhou

et al. 2023

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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In this study, the bifunctional hydrophobic associative polymer of Acrylamide/2‐Acrylamido‐2‐Methylpropane Sulfonic Acid/Lauryl Methacrylate/N,N‐dodecyl Acrylamide (AALD12) with better salt resistance and shear resistance was synthesized by free‐radical micelle polymerization for use as a drag reduction in shale slip water fracturing. In deionized water, the critical associative concentration (CAC) of AALD12 was 0.23%. AALD12 was determined to be theoretically usable for a shale reservoir within 240°C based on its TG study. Microstructure, viscoelasticity, and shear recovery tests show that the polymer has good drag reduction potential and shear resistance. The reduction rates of the polymer AALD12 and the drag reduction agent RSH‐1 in clear water were 77% and 73% (RSH‐1 is a commonly used emulsion‐type drag reduction agent in the market). At the same salt concentration (K+ and Ca2+, 50,000 ppm) and flow rate (40 L/min), AALD12 can maintain a maximum reduction rate of about 63%. The drag reduction rate of RSH‐1 in K+ and Ca2+ solutions can only be maintained at about 52% and 28%, respectively. In the shear resistance test, AALD12 and RSH‐1 were each subjected to three times of cyclic shear in the test pipe. The drag reduction rate of the polymer AALD12 solution can still reach more than 72%. The drag reduction rate of the RSH‐1 solution is about 56%. The drag reduction agent has good salt resistance and anti‐shear bifunction.

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Synthesis and performance evaluation of low‐damage variable viscosity integrated drag reducer

Fan,

Yu,

Shu

et al. 2024

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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To solve problems such as inadequate proppant carrying capacity, a complex viscosity changing process, and limited environmental friendliness associated with traditional slick water fracturing fluids, a variable viscosity friction reducer called Jianghan friction reducer (JHFR) with low damage, high drag reduction, and strong proppant‐carrying capacity is prepared by inverse emulsion polymerization. The properties of JHFR are investigated by viscometer, JHFR‐II high‐temperature and high‐pressure slick water drag reduction rate tester, surface tension meter, and JHCQ Core dynamic damage evaluation device. The result shows that the dissolution time of JHFR is less than 120 s. The drag reduction of 0.08 wt% JHFR (4.83 mPa s) is 80.3%. When the concentration of JHFR increases from 0.08 to 0.8 wt %, the viscosity of the JHFR increases from 4.83to 97.41 mPa s. After sheared at 90°C and 170 s−1 for 60 min, the viscosity of 0.8 wt% JHFR still maintains 51 mPa s. The damage rate of JHFR to core matrix permeability is lower than 30%. JHFR also shows the advantages of easy breakage and low residue. It provides guidance for the design and selection of fracturing fluid for unconventional oil and gas reservoir development.

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Synthesis and properties of hydrophobically associating polymer fracturing fluid

Cited by 27 publications

References 9 publications

Viscosity and Structure Characterization of the 1-Bromohexadecane-Modified Welan Gum in the Saline Solution

Viscosity and Structure Characterization of the 1-Bromohexadecane-Modified Welan Gum in the Saline Solution

Preparation and properties research of a bifunctional hydrophobic associative polymer drag reduction agent for slick water

Synthesis and performance evaluation of low‐damage variable viscosity integrated drag reducer

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