Synthesis and Properties of Biodegradable and Chemically Recyclable Cationic Surfactants Containing Carbonate Linkages

Abstract

Novel biodegradable and chemically recyclable carbonate-type cationic surfactants consisting of a long chain alkyl group and a quaternary ammonium propyl group were designed and synthesized as a green surfactant. These carbonate-type cationics showed better surface activities in an aqueous solution when compared to the conventional cationics. Novel cationics containing both the carbonate linkage and n-dodecyl group showed strong antimicrobial properties, enzymatic degradabilities for chemical recycling and rapid biodegradabilities by activated sludge.

Synthesis and Properties of Gemini‐type Cationic Surfactants Containing Carbonate Linkages in the Linker Moiety Directed Toward Green and Sustainable Chemistry

“…We previously reported that single-type cationics containing both a carbonate linkage and an n-dodecyl group showed strong antimicrobial activities, enzymatic degradability and biodegradability by activated sludge in addition to good surfactant properties [18]. Biodegradable pyridinium-type amphiphiles already have been synthesized [19].…”

Synthesis and Properties of Green Sustainable Carbonate-type Nonionics Containing Polyoxyethylene Chains

“…Lipase-catalyzed chemical recycling may become a green method because lipase is a renewable catalyst with high catalytic activities. We previously reported that the single-and gemini-type cationics containing carbonate linkages were chemically recyclable using a lipase 11,18 .…”

“…sive carbonate exchange reaction of diphenyl carbonate with 1-alkanol followed by a reaction with N,N-dimethylaminopropanol 11 . Diphenyl carbonate is now industrially produced by the carbonate exchange reaction of dimethyl carbonate with phenol.…”

Chemo-enzymatic Synthesis and Properties of Novel Optically Active Cationics Containing Carbonate Linkages

“…ously shown that carbonate-type cationics containing n-dodecyl groups showed strong antimicrobial activities and good surfactant properties 8 , in addition to biodegradability by activated sludge. We have also reported that carbonate linkages of gemini-type cationics are effective as biodegradable and chemically recyclable segments 9,10 .…”