Synthesis and production of unsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids in yeast: current state and perspectives

Uemura, Hiroshi

doi:10.1007/s00253-012-4105-1

Cited by 70 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 112 publications

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“…These UFAs are produced from palmitic and stearic acids, respectively, by D9-desaturases and are further converted to PUFAs via D12-desaturases. 27 The accumulation of palmitoleic and oleic acids in OLE2 KO cells argues against the role of OLE2 as an exclusive D9-desaturase and suggests that it may have other enzymatic activities as well. These results are in line with the findings of Krishnamurthy et al, who demonstrated that heterologous expression of CaOLE2 could not reconstitute the phenotype of S. cerevisiae OLE1 (D9-desaturase) mutants, implicating that Ole2 is not a D9-desaturase.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Candida parapsilosis produces prostaglandins from exogenous arachidonic acid and OLE2 is not required for their synthesis

Grózer

Tóth

et al. 2015

Virulence

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Prostaglandins are C20 fatty acid metabolites with diverse biological functions. In mammalian cells, prostaglandins are produced from arachidonic acid (AA) via cyclooxygenases (COX1 and COX2). Although fungi do not possess cyclooxygenase homologues, several pathogenic species are able to produce prostaglandins from host-derived arachidonic acid. In this study, we characterized the prostaglandin profile of the emerging human pathogen Candida parapsilosis with HPLC-MS and compared it to that of C. albicans. We found that both species synthesized prostaglandins (mainly PGD 2 and PGE 2 ) from exogenous AA. Furthermore, as OLE2 has been associated with prostaglandin synthesis in C. albicans, we generated homozygous OLE2 deletion mutants in C. parapsilosis and examined their PGE 2 production. However, the PGE 2 production of the OLE2 KO strain was similar to that of wild type (WT), indicating that OLE2 is not required for prostaglandin synthesis in C. parapsilosis. Interestingly, analyses of the fatty acid composition of WT and OLE2 KO cells by gas chromatography (GC) highlighted the accumulation of palmitoleic and oleic acid in the OLE2 deletion mutant. The OLE2 KO cells were killed more efficiently by human monocytes-derived macrophages (MDMs) as well as induced higher interleukin-10 (IL-10) secretion, indicating that OLE2 affects the virulence of C. parapsilosis. Taken together, these results contribute to the better understanding of fatty acid biosynthesis pathways in C. parapsilosis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Candida parapsilosis produces prostaglandins from exogenous arachidonic acid and OLE2 is not required for their synthesis

Grózer

Tóth

et al. 2015

Virulence

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“…The effects of changes in the initial pH (4)(5)(6)(7)(8) in the medium, as well as temperature (15, 21 and 28°C) were studied on amount of biomass, lipid and PUFA compositions. In ''Temperature Shifting Technique'' first fungi were cultured for 3, 4 or 5 days at 28 °C, after incubation temperature was reduced to 15 °C and the biomass was collected in 7th days.…”

Section: The Selection Of Physicochemical Factors Of Mediummentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the price of SCO is rather high than plant and animal oils so that obtaining of oil by microbiological ways are less likely in industrial scales, even in the near future (4,5). In this regard, recent attempts were directed only by biosynthesis of the high value poly unsaturated fatty acids, as food supplements, which plants are not able to produce them (6)(7)(8).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation, Identification and Optimization of Crude Oil Degrading Micromycetes for Biosynthesis of Poly Unsaturated Fatty Acids

Ghasemi¹

2015

AJLS

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Abstract:Poly unsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) participate in activities of all organisms from energy source to structural components. Disruption of metabolism results in diseases like atherosclerosis and obesity. In this work, optimal conditions to production of arachidonic, eicosapentaenoic and gamma-linolenic acids has been conducted in the oil degrading fungi-Cephalosporium humicola IE, Mucor globosus 11 and Pythium irregulare LX isolated from soils in Absheron peninsula, Azerbaijan. The fermentation process carried out at physicochemical conditions, carbon and nitrogen sources, temperature, pH, rate of inoculum, enzyme activity, exogenous fat and phosphate; as well as the stressful situations. Growth in crude oil as optimal carbon source showed that suitable nitrogen was peptone for lipid biosynthesis. In stable temperature the optimal lipid productionoccurred at 28°C, whereas in "temperature shifting technique", greater yields occurred at 28°C for 5 days followed by at 15°C for 2 days. C/N ratio ranged from 4 to 64 and the optimal medium for production was composed of 2.0% glucose and 0.25% yeast extract, with addition of 0.1% KH 2 PO 4 at neutral pH with 3% inoculum. Although the activities of the enzymes varied among the fungi, but the developmental profiles for all enzymes were practically similar. Additive fat and phosphate accelerated growth and enhanced PUFA production. Data showed that the procedure of adaptation of fungi motivated the increase of the rate of membrane phospholipids with a high quantity of PUFAs. This research is considered to be object of PUFA production as food supplements.

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“…The research conducted on mFADs primarily aims to identify the determinants of desaturase specificity, enabling engineering of mFADs that produce economically or industrially relevant FAs, such as the PUFAs that serve as nutritional supplements or starting materials in the chemical industry [45,46]. Another major research goal is to uncover the mechanistic details of FA desaturation, which might enable rational design of specific inhibitors targeting either the mFADs involved in human metabolic diseases, such as diabetes or obesity [47], or the mFADs essential for pathogenic microorganisms, such as pathogenic yeasts [48][49][50] and trypanosomatids [51,52].…”

Section: Mfadsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biotechnological potential of insect fatty acid-modifying enzymes

Tupec

Buček

Valterová

2017

Zeitschrift Für Naturforschung C

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There are more than one million described insect species. This species richness is reflected in the diversity of insect metabolic processes. In particular, biosynthesis of secondary metabolites, such as defensive compounds and chemical signals, encompasses an extraordinarily wide range of chemicals that are generally unparalleled among natural products from other organisms. Insect genomes, transcriptomes and proteomes thus offer a valuable resource for discovery of novel enzymes with potential for biotechnological applications. Here, we focus on fatty acid (FA) metabolism-related enzymes, notably the fatty acyl desaturases and fatty acyl reductases involved in the biosynthesis of FA-derived pheromones. Research on insect pheromone-biosynthetic enzymes, which exhibit diverse enzymatic properties, has the potential to broaden the understanding of enzyme specificity determinants and contribute to engineering of enzymes with desired properties for biotechnological production of FA derivatives. Additionally, the application of such pheromone-biosynthetic enzymes represents an environmentally friendly and economic alternative to the chemical synthesis of pheromones that are used in insect pest management strategies.

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Synthesis and production of unsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids in yeast: current state and perspectives

Cited by 70 publications

References 112 publications

Candida parapsilosis produces prostaglandins from exogenous arachidonic acid and OLE2 is not required for their synthesis

Candida parapsilosis produces prostaglandins from exogenous arachidonic acid and OLE2 is not required for their synthesis

Isolation, Identification and Optimization of Crude Oil Degrading Micromycetes for Biosynthesis of Poly Unsaturated Fatty Acids

Biotechnological potential of insect fatty acid-modifying enzymes

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