Synthesis and preparation of vitamin A coupled butein-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles for liver fibrosis therapy in rats

Remodeling the hepatic fibrotic microenvironment with emerging nanotherapeutics: a comprehensive review

“…Anionic HA-containing NPs LSECs, Tregs Suppressing antigen-specific immune responses [29] AB diblock copolymers NPs LSECs, KCs Leading to immune inflammation [33] Stab2-containing NPs LSECs, Tregs Clearing of lipoproteins [30] Mannose-modified albumin NPs Macrophages TGFβ-siRNA to CD206 + as an anti-fibrotic strategy [37] CMC-containing NPs Macrophages Reducing host immune response [40] PS-containing NPs Macrophages Reducing collagen fiber deposition [42] silk or silicon-containing NPs Macrophages Pro-inflammatory phenotype [69] hydrogel particles M2-polarized macrophages Improving immunocompromised and impaired angiogenesis [108,109] DEX/HA-TK-ART PMs M2-polarized macrophages HIF-1α/NF-κB signaling cascade [90] mLNP-siHMGB1 Macrophages, HSCs Inhibiting the activation of HSCs [38] DSPE-PEG-CeO2 NPs Macrophages, HSCs Reducing inflammation [86] CNF HSCs, macrophages Increasing glycolysis and reprogramming and reducing initiated inflammatory [70] VA-SLNs HSCs Reducing PPARγ/SREBPs-mediated lipid accumulation [61] CS sulfate PMs HSCs Anti-fibrotic strategy [63] CS-coated green silver NPs HSCs Bounding to the fibrogenic protein TGF-β [65] hydrogels HSCs Blocking the TGF-β1/Smad pathway [66] RGD HSCs Inhibiting the proliferation of HSCs [82] Chol-PCX/miRNA NPs HSCs, T cells Disrupting the lipid metabolic network [73,74] GQD HSCs Inhibiting lipid peroxidation, apoptosis, and autophagy [87] CeO2 NPs HSCs Antioxidant effect [85] FPL HSCs Antioxidant effect [88] ChiBil carrying losartan HSCs attenuating iron death [89] PEG-PLGA-containing NPs LSECs, hepatocytes and HSCs Constricting abnormal blood vessels, reducing MVD [99] Self-assembled PMs LSECs, hepatocytes and HSCs Avoiding the hepatotoxicity and side effects [96] NPs laponite HUVECs enhancing HIF-1α and VEGF expression, accelerating neovascularization [110] and mannose receptors (MR) that produce inhibitory acquired immune responses. LSECs regulate adaptive immune responses directly by presenting antigens to T cells and also regulate natural killer T cells (NKT cells) by expressing CXCL16, and the cell surface ligand for CXCR6…”

“…HSCs have multiple vitamin A (VA)-rich lipid droplets in the cytoplasm, which are the primary sites for retinoid derivatives storage in vivo. A study has synthesized a novel VA-Myrj52 ester conjugated solid lipid NPs (VA-SLNs) using all-trans retinoic acid and hydrophilic emulsifier (Myrj52) as targeting agents to effectively reduce peroxisome proliferatoractivated receptor γ (PPARγ)/SREBPs-mediated lipid accumulation [61]. SREBPs are highly expressed to promote tumor growth, especially in the regulation of lipid metabolism [62].…”

M6P-modified solid lipid nanoparticles loaded with matrine for the treatment of fibrotic liver

“…Currently, Mahdinloo et al. also constructed vitamin A-modified SLN for the treatment of hepatic fibrosis in rats after encapsulation of butein (Mahdinloo et al., 2022 ). Therefore, these researches suggest that SLNs have potential value as nanocarriers for lipid-soluble drugs.…”