“…9,10 Compared to conventional single-tail surfactants, they are more effective and can oen attain much lower surface tension, critical micellar concentration and Kra point values. [11][12][13] Additionally, they have favorable interfacial and viscoelastic properties, as well as a rock wetting ability, making them the subject of numerous studies in the eld of enhanced oil recovery (EOR) to replace conventional uids. 14,15 In the biomedical and biotechnological elds, numerous studies highlighted the potential of gemini surfactants as templates for the preparation of nanoparticles and selfassembled systems for the encapsulation and controlled delivery of drugs and other active ingredients.…”