“…3 P 2 , 3 P 1 , 3 P 0 and 1 D 2 transitions, respectively [17]. For 1, the values of the bonding parameters b (nephelauxetic ratio), d (Sinha's parameter) and b 1/2 (covalent factor), calculated from the solid-state electronic spectra by standard equations [17,18], are 0.995, +0.50 and 0.050, respectively; the corresponding values for 2 are 0.994, +0.60 and 0.055. These values indicate that the interaction between Pr III and the ligands is essentially electrostatic and that there is a minor participation of the 4f orbitals in bonding [17,18].…”