The ORCID identification number(s) for the author(s) of this article can be found under https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201901971.
(2 of 25)www.advmat.de www.advancedsciencenews.com energy and then deliver it to power other electronic devices whenever we want. The existing fiber-shaped energy storage devices include the supercapacitor, [15] the lithium (Li)-ion battery, [16] the lithium-sulfur battery, [17] the lithium-air battery, [18] the zinc-air battery, [19] the aluminum-air battery, [20] the sodiumion battery, [21] the zinc-ion battery, [22] and the silver-zinc battery. [23] Among them, the supercapacitor has been reported mostly due to the easy fabrication, and lithium-ion battery has laid the foundation for the development of other fiber-shaped batteries, which are thus discussed mainly in this review. 3) Light-emitting devices have been developed for various applications such as display, illumination, and photo therapy. According to the working mechanisms, there are electroluminescence, [24] mechanoluminescence, [25] photoluminescence, [26] thermoluminescence, [27] sonoluminescence, [28] and chemiluminescence. [29] Among these, fiber-shaped electroluminescent devices have been developed extensively due to their good controllability, driven by direct current (DC) [30] or alternating current (AC) [31] electrical method, which are expounded mainly later. 4) Fibershaped sensors have found great potentials in the field of wearable medical devices for fitness monitoring and medical diagnostics especially as aging populations grow. By virtue of the 1D structure, fiber-shaped sensors can be implanted into the body with little injure or they can detect multiple signals simultaneously after integration into a tiny unit. [32] Fiber-shaped sensors generally work via physical processes on the basis of conducting fiber [33] and optical fiber, [34] and chemical processes based on chemical ligand. [35] Thereinto, fiber optic sensors have already been used in petrochemical, electric power, medical, civil engineering, etc. The detailed discussions about the above three fiber-shaped sensors are presented in the later section.Despite the great progress made in fiber and textile electronics, we have to realize that most of the research results are far from practical applications due to several existing obstacles. The performances of fiber-shaped electronic devices are not good enough to attract investors. For instance, although fiber-shaped solar cells have achieved a record power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 10%, [36] this value falls far below the certified efficiency of 24.2% for planar solar cells. [37] Besides, fiber-shaped electronic devices often decay in performance further as their lengths increase. Apart from low performances, scalable fabrication is another hard nut to crack if fiber-shaped electronic devices are to be commercialized. For one thing, researchers usually can only realize fiber-shaped electronic devices with the lengths from several to hundreds of millimeters at present owing to the absence of appropr...