Gene
expression controls and commands cellular functions of organisms
and is considered to be the prime marker of human health. Conventional
laboratory techniques use organic dyes as probes for diagnosis, which
are mostly toxic, considered as environmental hazards and also known
to be carcinogenic. On the other hand, there is a unique opportunity
for the development of facile techniques for performing sensitive
detection of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) products by biocompatible
nanomaterials, especially useful for on-site analyses in a resource-limited
location. We report a rapid (2 min) one-step green synthesis of highly
luminescent gold nanoclusters on dsDNA, using a single heating and
cooling cycle like in PCR. The luminescence intensity of nanoclusters
was found to increase with the amount of dsDNA, offering a convenient
way for quantification of the dsDNA (PCR products). The ability of
the gold nanoclusters to act as powerful probe for DNA quantification
was demonstrated in two different cancer cell lines, namely, HeLa
and A549.