Synthesis and Optical Properties of Cu Core/Ti-Related Shell Nanoparticles in Silica Sequentially Implanted With Ti and Cu Ions

Abstract

Amorphous SiO 2 samples were sequentially implanted with Ti and Cu ions and were then subjected to thermal annealing at different temperatures. The structures and optical properties of the synthesized nanoparticles (NPs) have been characterized in detail. Our results clearly show that the pre-implantation of Ti ions into SiO 2 could strongly affect the nucleation and thermal growth of Cu NPs. Core-shell NPs consisting of Cu cores surrounded by Ti-related shells have been revealed in silica sequentially implanted with Ti and Cu ions at the same fluence of 5×10 16 cm −2 followed by 800°C annealing. The synthesized NPs exhibit significantly enhanced surface plasmon resonance (SPR) absorption and improved third-order nonlinear susceptibility as compared with those in the Cu singly implanted sample. The possible mechanisms responsible for the above results have been discussed.

Growth of rutile TiO2nanorods in Ti and Cu ion sequentially implanted SiO2and the involved mechanisms

“…In addition, one also can find that a weak absorption peak occurs at about 575 nm in the N 2 -annealed sample, which could be attributed to the Cu SPR peak, indicating formation of Cu NPs in the substrate. Indeed, formation of Cu NPs has been found for high fluence Cu implantation into SiO 2 substrate [22,23]. The enhanced absorption of the N 2 -annealed Ti +3Cu sample in visible region is most probably related to the formation of oxygen vacancies in the formed nanorods owing to annealing in low oxygen partial pressure, as well as Cu doping in the nanorods.…”

“…However, such wet chemical-based nanostructures are hardly fixed on optoelectronic devices and easy to fall off from the substrates. Ion implantation, as a powerful nanofabrication method, could overcome these difficulties owing to the fact that the nanomaterials fabricated by ion implantation are usually embedded in the substrates [16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25]. The compatibility of nanomaterials with the optoelectronic devices can make the ion implantation technology easy to be industrialized.…”

“…The compatibility of nanomaterials with the optoelectronic devices can make the ion implantation technology easy to be industrialized. Moreover, it has also been demonstrated that sequential implantation of different metallic ions into dielectrics could significantly modify the structures, shape and spatial distribution of the formed nanostructures, and thus largely modulate the relevant optical properties [19,[22][23][24][25]. Our earlier researches [22,26] have demonstrated that pre-implantation of Ti and Zn ions at low fluence could largely enhance surface plasmon resonance absorption (SPR) related to Cu NPs due to formation of NPs with Cu core-Ti related compounds shell or Cu core-Zn related compounds shell after annealing.…”

“…Moreover, it has also been demonstrated that sequential implantation of different metallic ions into dielectrics could significantly modify the structures, shape and spatial distribution of the formed nanostructures, and thus largely modulate the relevant optical properties [19,[22][23][24][25]. Our earlier researches [22,26] have demonstrated that pre-implantation of Ti and Zn ions at low fluence could largely enhance surface plasmon resonance absorption (SPR) related to Cu NPs due to formation of NPs with Cu core-Ti related compounds shell or Cu core-Zn related compounds shell after annealing. Recently, it has been reported that TiO 2 NPs and/or nanofilms could be synthesized in SiO 2 substrate by high fluence Ti ion implantation along with subsequent annealing in oxygen atmosphere [20].…”

Plasmonic Nanoparticles in Dielectrics Synthesized by Ion Beams: Optical Properties and Photonic Applications

“…[ 103 ] Recently, a number of literature have been published on the formation of hollow NPs and synthesis of core–shell NPs by one‐ or two‐step ion implantation. [ 104,106–118 ] In addition, specific nuclei‐shell structures such as multilayer NPs can also be synthesized by ion implantation in the simple operating steps. Ren et al performed the fabrication of sandwiched structure of NPs (i.e., Ag shell–nanovoid‐Ag core NPs) by one‐step ion implantation with Ag fluence as high as 2 × 10 17 ions cm −2 , as depicted in Figure .…”