Synthesis and Molecular Docking Study of Novel Hybrids of 1,3,4‐Oxadiazoles and Quinoxaline as a Potential Analgesic and Anti‐Inflammatory Agents

Abstract

in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com).Novel hybrid molecules were synthesized through the amalgamation of quinoxaline residue with 1,3,4oxadiazole molecule. The purity of obtained 1,3,4-oxadiazoles derivatives containing quinoxaline residue (total 11) was confirmed through thin-layer chromatography, combustion analysis, and melting point, whereas their structures were confirmed by infrared spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance, and mass spectroscopy. In animal studies, the derivatives 4-(5-(4-(3-methylquinoxalin-2-yl)phenyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)benzenamine and 2-(5-(4-(3-methylquinoxalin-2-yl)phenyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)benzenamine showed excellent analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities, respectively, as compared with other derivatives. In order to rationalize the biological results of the derivatives, molecular docking studies were performed using Argus lab. The compounds exhibited good docking scores between À12.987 and À9.92 kcal/mol against cyclooxygenase-II (5IKQ) protein fragment.

Molecular docking for rationalizing the use of linkers in polymer drug conjugates design for pegylated anti-inflammatory drug delivery

“…The docking results obtained show us docking score G (free energy) and amino acids which were involved in creation of hydrogen bond between ligand and target protein. (Ahirwar et al, 2018;Dewangan et al, 2018) By the means of these parameters, we interpret the binding efficiency and affinity of prepared ligand.…”

Molecular Interaction Studies for Inhibition of the Streptococcus pneumoniae Competence Stimulating Peptide (CSP1) by Potent Plant-Derived Compounds

“…These structures were further cleaned and subsequently converted into the corresponding 3D structures by incorporating the appropriate 3D coordinates and hydrogens using the OpenBabel tool. Next, the 3D structures were processed to obtain a clean geometry of the structures by removing any deviations concerning its stereochemical properties using the ArgusLab tool 44 . Finally, the cleaned 3D structures were saved in the PDB format.…”

A possible potential COVID-19 drug candidate: Diethyl 2-(2-(2-(3-methyl-2-oxoquinoxalin-1(2H)-yl)acetyl)hydrazono)malonate: Docking of disordered independent molecules of a novel crystal structure, HSA/DFT/XRD and cytotoxicity

“…Currently, several molecules are being tested for their efficiency on COVID-19 disease, some of which have reached clinical trials, while others are still in the preclinical phase ( Sanders et al, 2020 , Luo et al, 2020 , Colaneri et al, 2020 , Quartuccio et al, 2020 , Campochiaro et al, 2020 ). Quinoxaline as a wonder nucleus in the fused systems of nitrogen-containing heterocycles, is important nitrogenous hetero compound due to their extensive properties, ( Ramli and Essassi, 2015 , Ramli et al, 2014 , Zarrok et al, 2012 , Tazouti et al, 2016 , El Aoufir et al, 2016 , Laabaissi et al, 2019 ) and shows a variety of activities in the medical field, including analgesic ( Dewangan et al, 2018 ), anti-inflammatory ( Shen et al, 2020 )anti-tubercular ( Srinivasarao et al, 2020 ), anti-bacterial ( Patel et al, 2019 ), bacteriocides ( Thakuria and Das, 2006 ), anti-HIV ( Patel et al, 2016 ), anti-diabetic ( Kulkarni et al, 2012 ), anti-oxydant ( Missioui et al, 2021 ) and anti-cancer ( Guerreiro et al, 2020 , Abad et al, 2021 ) agents. Malonate-based compounds have aroused increasing attention because of their important pharmacological activities, such as decreased blood glucose ( Shinkai et al, 1998 ) anti-HIV ( Serafin et al, 2011 ) anticancer ( Xing et al, 2012 ) anti-inflammatory ( Kim et al, 2001 ) antioxidative ( Saranya et al, 2013 ) and antiviral ( Xiao et al, 2014 ) activities.…”