Cobalt ferrite (CoFe 2 O 4 ) nanoparticles have been synthesized by sol-gel autocombustion method ignited by conventional and microwave heating techniques. The precursor solutions were prepared with different fuel types such as citric acid and urea. The ignition technique and fuel type affected the phase evolution, microstructure, and magnetic properties of CoFe 2 O 4 nanoparticles. X-ray diffraction results revealed that the single-phase and well-crystallized CoFe 2 O 4 nanoparticles would only be formed using citric acid as fuel and after calcination at 600°C. Microwave ignition resulted in the formation of larger sphere-like CoFe 2 O 4 particles, possibly due to the contribution of microwave-absorbing products in attaining of higher temperatures. Furthermore, the single-phase CoFe 2 O 4 nanoparticles synthesized by microwave ignition exhibited the higher saturation magnetization (Ms = 77 emu/g) compared to that of conventional method (Ms = 53 emu/g), due to their larger particle size and higher inversion coefficient.Graphical Abstract Magnetization curves of the ascombusted and as-calcined samples (CCA: conventional ignition with citric acid fuel, MCA: microwave ignition with citric acid fuel, CU: conventional ignition with urea fuel, and MU: microwave ignition with urea fuel).-
M (emu/g) H (Oe)MCA-As calcined MU-As calcined MCA-As combusted CCA-As combusted CCA-As calcined CU-As calcined CU-As combusted MU-As combusted