Synthesis and low-temperature photoluminescence properties of SnO₂nanowires and nanobelts

Abstract

Ultra-long rutile tin dioxide nanowires and nanobelts are synthesized by thermal oxidation of tin powder using gold film as the catalyst. Nanowire or nanobelts can be selectively produced by tuning the reaction temperature. The vapour-liquid-solid growth mechanism is proposed. The band gaps of the nanowires and nanobelts are 3.74 and 3.81 eV respectively, determined from UV/visible absorption spectral results. The SnO2 nanowires show stable photoluminescence with two emission peaks centred at around 470 and 560 nm. Their wavelengths stay almost fixed while their intensities depend sensitively on the temperatures within the examination ranges from 10 to 300 K. The SnO2 nanobelts show similar photoluminescence behaviours and the origin of the luminescence is discussed.

Spectroscopic and Morphological Investigation of Co3O4Microfibers Produced by Electrospinning Process

“…[1][2][3][4][5] Compare to bulk metal oxide materials, the nano-/ micro-scaled metal oxide materials have large surface to volume ratio and a high level of crystallinity. These can affect chemical, physical, and electrical properties.…”

Change in the morphology of SnO₂ crystals synthesized by thermal evaporation of SnO₂ powder mixed with graphite in ambient air

“…The visible emission has been particularly observed in SnO 2 micro/nanocrystals because the large surface area to volume ratio of micro/nanocrystals results in the increasing surface defects including oxygen vacancies. 17)19) The high concentration of surface oxygen defects is responsible to the high intensity visible emission. Therefore, the visible emission band observed in the present work is also suggested to be caused by the oxygen vacancies in the SnO 2 micro/nanocrystals.…”

A General Self-Propagating High-Temperature Synthesis Method for Fast and Easy Preparation of Metal Oxide Nanostructures from Low Melting Point Metals

“…8,9 A large number of metal oxide nanostructures have been synthesized by various methods. Commonly employed methods for the preparation of SnO 2 nanowires or nanoparticles include gas-reaction, 10,11 thermal evaporation, 12,13 chemical vapor deposition (CVD), [14][15][16] carbothermal reduction, calcination process, 20 polymeric sol-gel process, 21 thermal decomposition process, 22,23 etc. In a similar vein, the synthesis of ZnO nanorods or nanoparticles is often achieved through thermal evaporation, 24 laser ablation, 25,26 hydrothermal method, 27 solvothermal method, 28,29 sonication, 30 sol-gel process, 31,32 electrohydrodynamics atomization (EHDA), 33 sedimentation method, 34,35 microwave method, 36 solid-state reaction, 37 or thermal decomposition process.…”

“…And some other methods, for instance, calcination process, sol-gel process, thermal decomposition process, hydrothermal method, solvothermal method, sonication, EHDA, and sedimentation method, are low yield or low e±ciency, and need complex processes and rich operational experience, and also usually result in the formation of undesired side product. [20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35] As the development of nanotechnology, researches for new environmentally friendly preparation methods are signi¯cant in nanomaterials synthesis area, especially for the commercial production of nanomaterials. Self-propagating High-temperature Synthesis (SHS) is an environmentally friendly method for materials synthesis relying on the reaction heat to maintain the reaction itself to obtain materials with designated composition or morphology from the¯nal reaction products.…”