Synthesis and function of fatty acids and oxylipins, with a focus on Caenorhabditis elegans

Mokoena, Nthabiseng; Sebolai, Olihile M.; Albertyn, Jacobus; Pohl, Carolina H.

doi:10.1016/j.prostaglandins.2020.106426

Cited by 11 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 111 publications

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“…It has been established that PUFAs can be oxygenated to oxylipins via enzymatic or free radical-mediated reactions ( Mokoena, Sebolai, Albertyn, & Pohl, 2020 ). LA, for example, can be enzymatically transformed to 1-octan-3-ol, 2-octanl, and 3-octane ( Singh, Son, & Lee, 2020 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Production of hispidin polyphenols from medicinal mushroom Sanghuangporus vaninii in submerged cultures

Yuan

Zhou

et al. 2023

Chinese Herbal Medicines

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Production of hispidin polyphenols from medicinal mushroom Sanghuangporus vaninii in submerged cultures

Yuan

Zhou

et al. 2023

Chinese Herbal Medicines

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“…The major steps in PUFA biosynthesis in organisms are: (i) elongation, by elongase enzymes (elongase of very long chain fatty acids, ELOVL ); and (ii) desaturation by desaturase enzymes (fatty acid desaturase, FADS ) [ 7 , 33 ]. Some metazoans, such as Caenorhabditis elegans , are capable of endogenous production of ω-6 and ω-3 PUFAs through the conversion of ω-9 monounsaturated oleic acid (OA) to ω-6 linoleic acid (LA) via a Δ12 desaturase, and then further conversion of ω-6 PUFAs to ω-3 PUFAs via Δ15 (ω-3) desaturase [ 34 ]. These animals do not require dietary sources of PUFAs.…”

Section: Overview Of Pufasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytochrome P450 Metabolism of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and Neurodegeneration

et al. 2020

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Due to the aging population in the world, neurodegenerative diseases have become a serious public health issue that greatly impacts patients’ quality of life and adds a huge economic burden. Even after decades of research, there is no effective curative treatment for neurodegenerative diseases. Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) have become an emerging dietary medical intervention for health maintenance and treatment of diseases, including neurodegenerative diseases. Recent research demonstrated that the oxidized metabolites, particularly the cytochrome P450 (CYP) metabolites, of PUFAs are beneficial to several neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer’s disease and Parkinson’s disease; however, their mechanism(s) remains unclear. The endogenous levels of CYP metabolites are greatly affected by our diet, endogenous synthesis, and the downstream metabolism. While the activity of omega-3 (ω-3) CYP PUFA metabolites and omega-6 (ω-6) CYP PUFA metabolites largely overlap, the ω-3 CYP PUFA metabolites are more active in general. In this review, we will briefly summarize recent findings regarding the biosynthesis and metabolism of CYP PUFA metabolites. We will also discuss the potential mechanism(s) of CYP PUFA metabolites in neurodegeneration, which will ultimately improve our understanding of how PUFAs affect neurodegeneration and may identify potential drug targets for neurodegenerative diseases.

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“…The nematode Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) offers several advantages in this regard. C. elegans can synthesize a wide range of ω-3 and ω-6 PUFAs de novo , including the CYP-EH metabolites consisting of epoxy- and dihydroxy- FAs 31 . Additionally, these pathways are highly conserved between humans and C. elegans .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytochrome P450 and Epoxide Hydrolase Metabolites in Aβ and tau-induced Neurodegeneration: Insights fromCaenorhabditis elegans

Sarparast,

Hinman,

Pourmand

et al. 2023

Preprint

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This study aims to uncover potent cytochrome P450 (CYP) and epoxide hydrolase (EH) metabolites implicated in Aβ and/or tau-induced neurodegeneration, independent of neuroinflammation, by utilizingCaenorhabditis elegans(C. elegans) as a model organism. Our research reveals that Aβ and/or tau expression inC. elegansdisrupts the oxylipin profile, and epoxide hydrolase inhibition alleviates the ensuing neurodegeneration, likely through elevating the epoxy-to-hydroxy ratio of various CYP-EH metabolites. In addition, our results indicated that the Aβ and tau likely affect the CYP-EH metabolism of PUFA through different mechanism. These findings emphasize the intriguing relationship between lipid metabolites and neurodegenerations, in particular, those linked to Aβ and/or tau aggregation. Furthermore, our investigation sheds light on the crucial and captivating role of CYP PUFA metabolites inC. elegansphysiology, opening up possibilities for broader implications in mammalian and human contexts.Abstract Figure

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Synthesis and function of fatty acids and oxylipins, with a focus on Caenorhabditis elegans

Cited by 11 publications

References 111 publications

Production of hispidin polyphenols from medicinal mushroom Sanghuangporus vaninii in submerged cultures

Production of hispidin polyphenols from medicinal mushroom Sanghuangporus vaninii in submerged cultures

Cytochrome P450 Metabolism of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and Neurodegeneration

Cytochrome P450 and Epoxide Hydrolase Metabolites in Aβ and tau-induced Neurodegeneration: Insights fromCaenorhabditis elegans

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