Synthesis and formation mechanism of titanium lead carbide

Ling, Chongyi; Tian, Wenbin; Zhang, P.; Zheng, Weitao; Zhang, Y. M.; Sun, ZhengMing

doi:10.1007/s40145-018-0269-1

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Motivated by the potential applications of MXenes, searching for new layered compounds has drawn considerable attention in the past years. − One simple attempt can be done by replacing C/N atoms with boron; however, such a strategy has not been successful so far . From the nature of anisotropic chemical bonding, it is expected that the thermodynamic stability of MAX phases can be majorly determined by the M–X bonding of M n +1 X n layer, i.e., the stability of M–X octahedra shown in Figure a.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Computational Prediction of Boron-Based MAX Phases and MXene Derivatives

et al. 2020

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Conventional MAX phases (M is an early transition metal, A represents a p-block element or Cd, and X is carbon or nitrogen) have so far been limited to carbides and/or nitrides. In the present work, a series of stable layered ternary borides were predicted by combining variable-composition evolutionary structure search and first-principles calculations. The predicted Hf2InB2, Hf2SnB2, Zr2TlB2, Zr2PbB2, and Zr2InB2 show a Ti2InB2 type of structure (space group P6̅m2, No. 187, Nat. Commun. 2019, 10, 2284), and the structures of Hf3PB4 and Zr3CdB4 share the same space group with Ti2InB2 but belong to a new structure type. These two structural prototypes, M2AB2 and M3AB4 (M is Zr or Hf), have the composition and local structures of MAB phases, but inherit a hexagonal symmetry of MAX phases. Moreover, Hf2BiB and Hf2PbB exhibit a typical structure of conventional MAX phases (M n+1AX n , space group P 63/mmc, No. 194). These findings suggest that boron-based ternary compounds may be a new platform of MAX phases. The functionalized two-dimensional (2D) borides derived from the predicted ternary phases are calculated to be with improved mechanical flexibility and adjustable electronic properties relative to the parent ones. In particular, the 2D Hf2B2T2 and Zr2B2T2 (T = F, Cl) can transform from metal to semiconductor or semimetal under appropriate compressive biaxial strains. Moreover, the 2D Zr2B2 exhibits a high theoretical lithium-ion (Li+) storage capacity and low Li+ migration energy barriers. These novel properties render 2D boron-based materials promising candidates for applications in flexible electronic devices and Li+ battery anode materials.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Computational Prediction of Boron-Based MAX Phases and MXene Derivatives

et al. 2020

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“…MXenes is a family of novel two-dimensional materials that was successfully synthesized in 2011 [1]. MXene was prepared by exfoliating the A-group element from the MAX phase [1][2][3][4][5][6] with a formula of M n+1 AX n , where M is an early transition metal, A is an III or IV A-group element, and X is C and/or N. Because MXenes were made in an aqueous solution of F -, the surfaces of MXenes are always terminated with F, O, and OH [7][8][9]. Ti 3 C 2 is the first extensively studied MXene [1] and widely applied in energy storage [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17].…”

Section: Introduction mentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and electrochemical properties of V2C MXene by etching in opened/closed environments

Wang

et al. 2020

J Adv Ceram

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The effect of etching environment (opened or closed) on the synthesis and electrochemical properties of V2C MXene was studied. V2C MXene samples were synthesized by selectively etching of V2AlC at 90 °C in two different environments: opened environment (OE) in oil bath pans under atmosphere pressure and closed environment (CE) in hydrothermal reaction kettles under higher pressures. In OE, only NaF (sodium fluoride) + HCl (hydrochloric acid) etching solution can be used to synthesize highly pure V2C MXene. However, in CE, both LiF (lithium fluoride) + HCl and NaF+HCl etchant can be used to prepare V2C MXene. Moreover, the V2C MXene samples made in CE had higher purity and better-layered structure than those made in OE. Although the purity of V2C obtained by LiF+HCl is lower than that of V2C obtained using NaF+HCl, it shows better electrochemical performance as anodes of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). Therefore, etching in CE is a better method for preparing highly pure V2C MXene, which provides a reference for expanding the synthesis methods of V2C with better electrochemical properties.

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“…As early as 1964, Nowotny et al. reported the first lead‐containing MAX phase Ti 2 PbC, and until 2018 there was a report on its synthesis mechanism 18,19 . In 2000, Barsoum et al.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In 2022, we discovered a new lead‐containing MAX phase Sc 2 PbC 21 . However, it seems that there is no corresponding 312 or 413 phase for the MAX phase with the sixth cycle element (especially thallium and lead) as A element, which has aroused our interest 18,19,22 . In 2007, Ti 3 SnC 2 was successfully synthesized 23 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…12,16,17 As early as 1964, Nowotny et al reported the first leadcontaining MAX phase Ti 2 PbC, and until 2018 there was a report on its synthesis mechanism. 18,19 In 2000, Bar at room temperature), since that, no one has paid attention to lead-containing MAX phase compounds. 20 In 2022, we discovered a new lead-containing MAX phase Sc 2 PbC.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Synthesis of new lead‐containing MAX phases of Zr₃PbC₂ and Hf₃PbC₂

et al. 2023

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In this work, two new 312 MAX phases of Zr3PbC2 and Hf3PbC2 were successfully synthesized by spark plasma sintering. It is the first discovery of lead‐containing 312 MAX phases, which together with M2PbC (M = Ti, Zr, Hf) form the lead‐containing MAX phase family. Considering the extremely low electrical conductivity of Hf2PbC, these two new compounds are of great research value. Based on the Rietveld refinement results, their lattice parameters and atomic positions were well determined, as a = 3.3771(5) Å, c = 20.0070(9) Å for Zr3PbC2 and a = 3.3357(1) Å, c = 19.7659(8) Å for Hf3PbC2, where M atoms are located at (0, 0, 0) and (1/3, 2/3, 0.1258(6)[Zr]; 0.1255(2)[Hf]), Pb atoms are located at (0, 0, 1/4), and C atoms are located at (1/3, 2/3, 0.0663(2)[Zr]; 0.0641(3)[Hf]), respectively. Additionally, the typical laminar microstructure of Zr3PbC2 and Hf3PbC2 grains was observed.

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Synthesis and formation mechanism of titanium lead carbide

Cited by 8 publications

References 26 publications

Computational Prediction of Boron-Based MAX Phases and MXene Derivatives

Computational Prediction of Boron-Based MAX Phases and MXene Derivatives

Synthesis and electrochemical properties of V2C MXene by etching in opened/closed environments

Synthesis of new lead‐containing MAX phases of Zr₃PbC₂ and Hf₃PbC₂

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Synthesis and formation mechanism of titanium lead carbide

Cited by 8 publications

References 26 publications

Computational Prediction of Boron-Based MAX Phases and MXene Derivatives

Computational Prediction of Boron-Based MAX Phases and MXene Derivatives

Synthesis and electrochemical properties of V2C MXene by etching in opened/closed environments

Synthesis of new lead‐containing MAX phases of Zr3PbC2 and Hf3PbC2

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Synthesis of new lead‐containing MAX phases of Zr₃PbC₂ and Hf₃PbC₂