Synthesis and flame retardant potential of polyols based on bisphenol‐<scp>S</scp>

Sonnenschein, Mark F.; Virgili, Justin M.; Babb, David A.; Bell, Bruce M.; Nickless, Brian

doi:10.1002/pola.28077

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 22 publications

(17 reference statements)

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“…This char interfered with the mass transfer through the surface of degrading material and thus, at the beginning of degradation, in air a slower mass loss rate was observed than in nitrogen. THIO-ISOH (Figure S8 in supplementary information) showed the same thermal stability both in air and nitrogen up to 500 °C while, at higher temperature, a lower weight was retained in air probably owing to the oxidation of C–S bonding with formation of SO 2 and some sulfate derivatives [ 28,43 ]. When comparing the two diols 4a and 4b , it can be observed that the diol THIO-ISOH retained higher weight than BPA-ISOH at temperature higher than 400 °C in nitrogen and 450 °C in air; also the char residue at high temperature (600 °C) was higher for THIO-ISOH than BPA-ISOH.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…When comparing the two diols 4a and 4b , it can be observed that the diol THIO-ISOH retained higher weight than BPA-ISOH at temperature higher than 400 °C in nitrogen and 450 °C in air; also the char residue at high temperature (600 °C) was higher for THIO-ISOH than BPA-ISOH. This could be ascribed to a greater promotion of char formation by the sulphur in THIO-ISOH, which hindered the formation of volatile degradation products [ 28 ]; in air sulphur could also provide an additional protection at high temperature in the form of sulfate [ 43 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A similar approach has been reported very recently by Belgacem et al for copolyethersulfones using bisphenol A as comonomer using conventional heating system [ 26 ]. Besides bisphenol A, we decided to use also thiodiphenol since very recently it has been found that incorporation of the sulfone moiety dramatically improves the thermal stability of the neat polyol [ 28 ]. Both conventional heating as well as microwave assisted synthesis have been considered.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Microwave-assisted synthesis of isosorbide-derived diols for the preparation of thermally stable thermoplastic polyurethane

Kasmi

Roso

Hammami

et al. 2017

Designed Monomers and Polymers

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In order to prepare thermally stable isosorbide-derived thermoplastic polyurethane, the synthesis of two new chiral exo–exo configured diols, prepared from isosorbide, and two types of diphenols (bisphenol A and thiodiphenol) was described. The synthesis conditions were optimized under conventional heating and microwave irradiations. To prove their suitability in polymerization, these monomers were successfully polymerized using 4,4′-diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI) and hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI). Both monomers and polymers have been studied by NMR, FT-IR, TGA, DSC; intrinsic viscosity of polymers has also been determined. The results showed the effectiveness of the synthetic strategy proposed; moreover, a dramatic reduction of the reaction time and an important improvement of the monomers yield using microwave irradiation have been demonstrated. The monomers, as well as the polymers, showed excellent thermal stability both in air and nitrogen. It was also shown that the introduction of sulphur in the polyurethane backbone was effective in delaying the onset of degradation as well as the degradation rate.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Microwave-assisted synthesis of isosorbide-derived diols for the preparation of thermally stable thermoplastic polyurethane

Kasmi

Roso

Hammami

et al. 2017

Designed Monomers and Polymers

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“…To combine multiple flame retardant elements to one molecule, a polymeric flame retardant containing various flame retardant elements displays obvious advantages, because of its flexible structure and component . Flame retardant elements of phosphorus, nitrogen, and fluorine can be easily and simultaneously incorporated into one polymer chain . The compatibility of the polymeric flame retardant in the polymer matrix is readily adjusted by designing the composition of the polymer .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modification of Epoxy Resin with a Phosphorus, Nitrogen, and Fluorine Containing Polymer to Improve the Flame Retardant and Hydrophobic Properties

Chen

Peng

Liu

et al. 2018

Macro Materials & Eng

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attracted much attention for their highefficiency in flame retardancy. [7,8] In this regard, flame retardants containing multiple flame retardant elements are preferred for their high-effective flame retardancy and other additional properties, such as thermal stability, mechanical property, and dielectric property. [9][10][11][12] Hence the combination of DOPO with nitrogen, fluorine, or silicon to prepare modifiers which contain multiple flame retardant elements is one of the favored means. In Shen's work, [13] a melamineorganophosphinic acid salt additive was prepared to modify epoxy resin. The modified epoxy resin passed UL-94 V-0 rating with 5 phr of additive, and reached oxygen index (LOI) value of 38.0% with 10 phr additive. This phosphorusnitrogen containing additive was proved to be efficient in improving the flame retardant of epoxy resin. Wang et al. [14] synthesized a novel DOPO-based triazole compound (DTA) and used it as co-curing agent to improve the flame retardant property of epoxy resin. With triazole ring and DOPO group in the molecular structure, DTA possessed superior flame-retardant efficiency. The thermoset modified with 4 wt% contents of DTA achieved a LOI value of 34.8% and V-0 rating in UL-94 test, where the phosphorus content was only 0.34 wt%.Fluorine is a special flame retardant element, the introduction of CF 3 groups to polymers can normally improve the chemical resistance, surface, electrical, and thermal properties of materials. Fluorine containing epoxy resin has tremendous application potential in the field of electronic packaging material for its superior hydrophobic properties and low dielectric constant. Na et al. [15] synthesized a fluorine-containing epoxy monomer to prepare a novel epoxy resin, which had a high contact angle of 116 o and a low dielectric constant of 2.97. Furthermore, the migration behavior of CF 3 groups to the surface of the polymeric matrix takes an effect of surface enhancement, [16] which means high performance materials can be achieved with low addition of fluorine-containing compounds.On this condition, we decided to design a flame retardant containing phosphorus, nitrogen, and fluorine. To combine multiple flame retardant elements to one molecule, a polymeric flame retardant containing various flame retardant elements Modified Epoxy ResinTargeting high-effective modification of flame retardant epoxy resin, elements including phosphorus, nitrogen, and fluorine are simultaneously incorporated into a polymer named as PFNP. A certain amount of amino groups are preserved on PFNP chains to participate in the curing of epoxy resin. The reactive groups and segments contain 9,10-dihydrooxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide (DOPO) endowed PFNP with good compatibility in epoxy resin. The proper addition of PFNP improves the mechanical property and T g values of epoxy resins. The limiting oxygen index values of EP/PFNP increases while the peak heat release rate, heat release capacity, and total heat release values reduce after introduction of PFNP. Samples with c...

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Liberation of plastic nanoparticles and organic compounds from three common plastics in water during weathering under UV radiation-free conditions

Qin

Zeng²,

Wang³

et al. 2022

Science of The Total Environment

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Synthesis and flame retardant potential of polyols based on bisphenol‐S

Cited by 4 publications

References 22 publications

Microwave-assisted synthesis of isosorbide-derived diols for the preparation of thermally stable thermoplastic polyurethane

Microwave-assisted synthesis of isosorbide-derived diols for the preparation of thermally stable thermoplastic polyurethane

Modification of Epoxy Resin with a Phosphorus, Nitrogen, and Fluorine Containing Polymer to Improve the Flame Retardant and Hydrophobic Properties

Liberation of plastic nanoparticles and organic compounds from three common plastics in water during weathering under UV radiation-free conditions

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