Synthesis and evaluation of trimethylolpropane triacrylate crosslinked superabsorbent polymers for conserving water and fertilizers

Venkatachalam, Dhanapal; Vijayakumar, Vediappan; gounder, Subramanian Kaliappa

doi:10.1002/app.39492

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 58 publications

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“…These acrylic monomers find extensive usage owing to their distinctive properties and reactivity (for use examples: TMPTA [ 9 ], PETA [ 10 ], TPGDA [ 11 ], TEGDA [ 12 ], DEGDA [ 13 ], and DPnBTA [ 14 ]). Several prevalent applications encompass their utility as crosslinking agents in formulating coatings, adhesives, and inks alongside serving as hydrophilic additives and adhesion promoters [ 15 , 16 ]. This category of compounds can be synthesized through the esterification process involving acrylic acid esterification with suitable polyols.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heterogeneous Brønsted Catalysis in the Solvent-Free and Multigram-Scale Synthesis of Polyalcohol Acrylates: The Case Study of Trimethylolpropane Triacrylate

Melchiorre,

Cucciolito,

Esposito

et al. 2024

Molecules

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This article presents a thorough investigation into the synthesis of trimethylolpropane triacrylate (TMPTA) via the esterification reaction of trimethylolpropane (TMP) with acrylic acid using Amberlite™ 120 IR (H+), Amberlyst® 15, and Dowex™ 50WX8 resins as heterogeneous catalysts. Preliminary comparative tests explored the impact of air flow on water removal during the reaction and different acid-to-alcohol molar ratios (3:1, 6:1, or 9:1 mol:mol). The findings revealed that introducing air significantly enhances TMPTA yield and -OH group conversion, particularly at a 6:1 acid-to-alcohol molar ratio. Based on cost considerations, Amberlite™ 120 IR (H+) was selected as the preferred catalyst for further optimization. This included evaluating the effect of catalyst loading (10%, 5.0%, and 2.5% w/wtot) and assessing the impact of a pre-drying process on resin efficiency. The study concluded that optimal conditions did not necessitate drying, requiring 120 °C, a catalyst loading of 10% w/wtot, a 4 h reaction time, an acid:alcohol ratio of 6:1 mol:mol, the presence of MEHQ (0.1% mol/molAA), and air bubbling at 6 ± 1 Nl/h. Catalyst recycling was effectively implemented with a slight reduction in catalytic activity over consecutive runs. Furthermore, the study explored a scaled-up system with a mechanical stirrer, demonstrating the potential for multi-hundred grams scale-up. Considerations for optimizing the air flow stripping system are also highlighted. In summary, this study provides valuable insights into designing and optimizing the esterification process for TMPTA synthesis, laying the foundation for potential industrial applications.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heterogeneous Brønsted Catalysis in the Solvent-Free and Multigram-Scale Synthesis of Polyalcohol Acrylates: The Case Study of Trimethylolpropane Triacrylate

Melchiorre,

Cucciolito,

Esposito

et al. 2024

Molecules

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Recycling of reactive dye using semi‐interpenetrating polymer network from sodium alginate and isopropyl acrylamide

Dhanapal¹,

Subramanian²

2014

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Synthesis and characterization of high performance superabsorbent hydrogels using bis[2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl] phosphate as crosslinker

Gonçalves¹,

Fonseca²,

Fabela³

et al. 2016

Express Polym. Lett.

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Abstract. Various superabsorbent polymers (SAPs) were synthesized by free radical copolymerization at 70°C using acrylic acid (AA), potassium acrylate (KA), N-isopropyl acrylamide (NIPAM) and sulfopropyl methacrylate potassium salt (SPM) as monomers, bis [2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl] phosphate (BMEP) as crosslinker and potassium persulfate (KPS) as initiator. The optimization of the synthesis led to the preparation of a SAP with very high water absorption ability, with a maximum swelling of 2618 g water/g dry hydrogel. The most promising SAP was fully characterized and the absorption capacities were studied at different pH and ionic strengths. When this SAP was mixed with soil, the mixture was able to lose water more slowly. Also, this material revealed high loading capacity and showed good releasing profiles using urea as model fertilizer. Due to these advantageous properties, the synthesized SAP can be used in agricultural applications.

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Synthesis and evaluation of trimethylolpropane triacrylate crosslinked superabsorbent polymers for conserving water and fertilizers

Abstract: In the recently published article cited above, Scheme 1 was published in error. The corrected part of Scheme 1 is shown below.

Cited by 3 publications

References 58 publications

Heterogeneous Brønsted Catalysis in the Solvent-Free and Multigram-Scale Synthesis of Polyalcohol Acrylates: The Case Study of Trimethylolpropane Triacrylate

Heterogeneous Brønsted Catalysis in the Solvent-Free and Multigram-Scale Synthesis of Polyalcohol Acrylates: The Case Study of Trimethylolpropane Triacrylate

Recycling of reactive dye using semi‐interpenetrating polymer network from sodium alginate and isopropyl acrylamide

Synthesis and characterization of high performance superabsorbent hydrogels using bis[2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl] phosphate as crosslinker

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