Synthesis and electropolymerization of bis(4-cyano-1-pyridino)alkanes: effect of co- and counter-ions

Zhidkova, Maria N.; Aysina, Ksenia E.; Kotov, Vitalii Yu.; Ivanov, V. K.; Nelyubina, Yulia V.; Ananyev, Ivan V.; Laurinavichyute, Veronika K.

doi:10.1016/j.electacta.2016.10.065

Cited by 9 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…The reductive electropolymerization of bis(4-cyano-1-pyridino) alkenes is a well-known and simple approach to synthesize polyviologens. The mechanism of this reductive electropolymerization is proposed in Figure 6, including the formation of a dimer and followed by loss of two cyanide ions [43]. Upon reduction, polyviologens bearing various substituents like butyl [44], heptyl [44], decyl [44], xylenyl [45] can be obtained.…”

Section: Viologen-based Electrochromesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Upon reduction, polyviologens bearing various substituents like butyl [44], heptyl [44], decyl [44], xylenyl [45] can be obtained. It has been demonstrated that the alkyl chain length as well as the choice of the counter-ion type in the electrolyte during polymerization can notably affect the morphology, spectral and electrochemical properties of the polyviologen films [43,46,47]. In an early work in 1993, Saika et al prepared bis(4-cyano-1-pyridinio) derivatives which were subsequently deposited on electrodes by cathodic electropolymerization.…”

Section: Viologen-based Electrochromesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Viologen-Based Electrochromic Materials: From Small Molecules, Polymers and Composites to Their Applications

et al. 2019

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Organic materials have gained considerable attention for electrochromic (EC) applications owing to improved EC performance and good processability. As a class of well-recognized organic EC materials, viologens have received persistent attention due to the structural versatility and property tunability, and are major active EC components for most of the marketed EC devices. Over the past two decades, extensive efforts have been made to design and synthesize different types of viologen-based materials with enhanced EC properties. This review summarizes chemical structures, preparation and EC properties of various latest viologen-based electrochromes, including small viologen derivatives, main-chain viologen-based polymers, conjugated polymers with viologen side-chains and viologen-based organic/inorganic composites. The performance enhancement mechanisms are concisely discussed. The current marketed viologens-based electrochromic devices (ECDs) are briefly introduced and an outlook on the challenges and future exploration directions for viologen-based materials and their ECDs are also proposed.

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Section: Viologen-based Electrochromesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Viologen-based Electrochromesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Viologen-Based Electrochromic Materials: From Small Molecules, Polymers and Composites to Their Applications

et al. 2019

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“…This process can also be used to incorporate other compounds like water or nanoparticles, which give different properties to the composite material (18)(19)(20)(21)(22). The electrochemical electropolymerization has been used to deposit one or different layers in photovoltaic devices, for instance PEDOT as the hole transport layer [22][23][24][25][26], copolymers as the photoactive organic heterojunctions (19-21,23,), polythiophenes and alkylcarbazole derivatives as the single-layer in a bilayer solar cell (27)(28)(29)(30)(31). A previous report of an OPV device without any electron-acceptor material, only with electrodeposited polyterthiophene, showed a Jsc of 123 µA/cm 2 and a Voc of 0.14 V [31].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochemical Synthesis of Films Based on Polybithiophene and Fullerene Derivatives with Potential Use in Bulk Heterojunction Photovoltaic Devices

et al. 2017

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Two electrochemical methods, cyclic voltammetry and constant potential, were used for the electrodeposition of redox active composite film containing polybithiophene-fullerene (E-(pBTh/C60 derivative)) and fullerene derivatives (PC60BM and IC60BA) on ITO substrates. Preparation was carried out in one step synthesis directly from a solution containing the monomer and the fullerene derivative. The incorporation of the fullerene compound was characterized by UV-Vis and NIR, as well as conductance measurements. The prepared thin films were also electrochemically analyzed, determining that those generated by cyclic voltammetry have slightly greater reversibility: (Qa/Qc > 80% after 50 cycles of charge-discharge). Morphological analysis (AFM) showed that voltammetric deposition generates rougher and thicker films (roughness greater than 100 nm and thickness higher than 200 nm) than constant potential films, whose roughness is in the range from 20 to 60 nm and the thickness is 150 nm. For these reasons, films prepared by constant potential were used for manufacturing the active layer of a simple photovoltaic device Glass/ITO/E-(pBTh:PC60BM)/Field's metal, which showed charge separation with Voc of 0.28 V and Jsc of 42 µA/cm 2 respectively.

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Bis(4-cyano-1-pyridino)pentane halobismuthates. Light-harvesting material with an optical band gap of 1.59 eV

Kotov

Sadovnikov

Birin

et al. 2017

Mendeleev Communications

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Synthesis and electropolymerization of bis(4-cyano-1-pyridino)alkanes: effect of co- and counter-ions

Cited by 9 publications

References 26 publications

Viologen-Based Electrochromic Materials: From Small Molecules, Polymers and Composites to Their Applications

Viologen-Based Electrochromic Materials: From Small Molecules, Polymers and Composites to Their Applications

Electrochemical Synthesis of Films Based on Polybithiophene and Fullerene Derivatives with Potential Use in Bulk Heterojunction Photovoltaic Devices

Bis(4-cyano-1-pyridino)pentane halobismuthates. Light-harvesting material with an optical band gap of 1.59 eV

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