Synthesis and electrochemical characterization of Pt catalyst supported on Sn0.96Sb0.04O2−δ with a network structure

Kakinuma, Katsuyoshi; Uchida, Makoto; Kamino, Takeo; Uchida, Hiroyuki; Watanabe, Masahiro

doi:10.1016/j.electacta.2010.12.077

Cited by 108 publications

(136 citation statements)

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“…By TEM observation, we have clearly demonstrated that the major reason for such a high durability of Pt/TiC-600 °C was suppression of the detachment of Pt particles from the support, unlike c-Pt/CB. Hence, based on our systematic work using various ceramic supports (TiN [26], doped SnO2 [27][28][29][30], and TiC in the present work), the essential factors for the highly active and highly durable cathode catalysts are the use of a chemically and electro chemically stable support with high electrical conductivity, uniform dispersion of Pt nanocrystals on the support, and the removal of an oxide layer, if any, on the Pt surface and/or Pt-ceramic support interface.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The support materials used are typically in the form of nanoparticles with HSA to disperse Pt catalyst particles uniformly, but the use of HSA supports often leads to a high contact resistance between the particles. Recently, Kakinuma et al have developed Sb-, Nb-and Ta-doped SnO2−δ nanoparticle supports with a fused aggregated structure having both HSA and low contact resistance [27][28][29][30]. They reported that Pt-dispersed Nb-SnO2−δ and Ta-SnO2−δ exhibited both higher ORR activity and higher durability at high potentials than those for commercial Pt/CB (c-Pt/CB) catalysts.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Oxygen Reduction Reaction Activity and Durability of Pt Catalysts Supported on Titanium Carbide

et al. 2015

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Abstract:We have prepared Pt nanoparticles supported on titanium carbide (TiC) (Pt/TiC) as an alternative cathode catalyst with high durability at high potentials for polymer electrolyte fuel cells. The Pt/TiC catalysts with and without heat treatment were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Hemispherical Pt nanocrystals were found to be dispersed uniformly on the TiC support after heat treatment at 600 °C in 1% H2/N2 (Pt/TiC-600 °C). The electrochemical properties (cyclic voltammetry, electrochemically active area (ECA), and oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) activity) of Pt/TiC-600 °C and a commercial Pt/carbon black (c-Pt/CB) were evaluated by the rotating disk electrode (RDE) technique in 0.1 M HClO4 solution at 25 °C. It was found that the kinetically controlled mass activity for the ORR on Pt/TiC-600 °C at 0.85 V (507 A g ). Moreover, the durability of Pt/TiC-600 °C examined by a standard potential step protocol (E = 0.9 V↔1.3 V vs. RHE, holding 30 s at each E) was much higher than that for c-Pt/CB. OPEN ACCESSCatalysts 2015, 5 967

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxygen Reduction Reaction Activity and Durability of Pt Catalysts Supported on Titanium Carbide

et al. 2015

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“…Considerable efforts have been made to develop and analyze alternative carbonbased support materials, including graphitized carbon black, [7][8][9] carbon nanotubes [10][11][12][13][14][15] and nanofibers, 14,15 mesoporous carbon, 16,17 and graphene. 15,[18][19][20] To fundamentally solve this technological issue and improve electrocatalyst durability, alternative carbon-free electrocatalyst support materials such as tin oxide (SnO 2 ) [21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29] and titanium oxide (TiO x ) [30][31][32][33][34] have also been proposed. It has been shown that SnO 2 is a promising alternative platinum support, since it has good electronic conductivity and thermochemical stability under the strongly acidic cathode conditions in a PEFC.…”

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confidence: 99%

Platinum-Decorated Tin Oxide and Niobium-Doped Tin Oxide PEFC Electrocatalysts: Oxygen Reduction Reaction Activity

Tsukatsune¹,

Takabatake²,

Noda³

et al. 2014

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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Using tin oxide (SnO 2 ) and niobium-doped tin oxide (Nb-SnO 2 ) as alternative electrocatalyst support materials can effectively solve the issue of carbon corrosion in polymer electrolyte fuel cell (PEFC) cathodes. Here, we systematically explore the effect of support surface area, Pt loading, and Pt nanoparticle size on the electrochemistry of these carbon-free electrocatalysts. Reducing the Pt loading leads to an increase in electrochemical surface area, but the specific activity decreases as previously observed in conventional carbon based electrocatalysts. Removing residual chlorine impurities by replacing the H 2 PtCl 6 nanoparticle precursor with Pt(acac) 2 increases the specific activity. Niobium-doping of the SnO 2 support also results in an increase in specific activity, due to the increased electronic conductivity. Consequently, the oxygen reduction reaction activity of optimized Pt-decorated Nb-SnO 2 is approaching to that of Pt-decorated carbon black, the current state-of-the-art PEFC electrocatalyst. The polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell (PEFC) is one of the most promising energy conversion technologies for e.g. residential and automotive applications. Pt nanoparticles supported on carbon black are widely used as electrocatalysts.1-6 However, carbon corrosion is an issue under high cathode potential, resulting in detachment of Pt catalyst particles from the carbon support, and leading to a decrease in electrochemical surface area (ECSA) and oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) activity over time. [2][3][4][5][6] 15,[18][19][20] To fundamentally solve this technological issue and improve electrocatalyst durability, alternative carbon-free electrocatalyst support materials such as tin oxide (SnO 2 ) 21-29 and titanium oxide (TiO x ) [30][31][32][33][34] have also been proposed. It has been shown that SnO 2 is a promising alternative platinum support, since it has good electronic conductivity and thermochemical stability under the strongly acidic cathode conditions in a PEFC. 28,[35][36][37] Remarkable retention of ESCA in Pt-decorated SnO 2 electrocatalysts has been demonstrated compared to Pt-decorated Vulcan carbon black, by severe voltage cycling (up to 60,000 cycles) between 0.9 and 1.3 V versus the reversible hydrogen electrode (V RHE ) in electrochemical half-cell durability tests. 28 Recently, the high durability has been confirmed in membrane electrode assemblies (MEAs), during more severe voltage cycling between 1.0 and 1.5 V RHE . 29 These studies have demonstrated the stability of Pt-decorated SnO 2 against the start-stop cycles typical in fuel cell vehicles. However, high ORR activity is also required for PEFC cathode electrocatalyst applications and this has not yet been demonstrated. Relatively low ORR activity has been reported to date compared with state-of-the-art Pt supported on carbon black. 28,36 Most of the ORR values have been measured below 0.9 V RHE for oxide-supported electrocatalysts, while the ORR of conventional Pt-decorated carbon black is usually evaluated at * Electroch...

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“…[30][31][32][33] Briefly, reagent grade 2-ethylhexanoate salts of Sn and Ta (Nihon Kagaku Sangyo, Co. Ltd.) were mixed at desired ratios into turpentine oil. The mixtures were supplied into the burner (>1000…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochemical Oxidation of Hydrolyzed Poly-Oxymethylene-Dimethylether by Pt and PtRu Catalysts on Ta-Doped SnO₂Supports for Direct Oxidation Fuel Cells

Kakinuma

Hirayama

Iiyama

et al. 2017

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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We synthesized Pt and PtRu catalysts supported on Ta-doped SnO 2 (Pt/Ta-SnO 2 , PtRu/Ta-SnO 2 ) for the anodes of direct oxidation fuel cells fueled with poly-oxymethylene-dimethylether (POMM n , n = 3∼8). The onset potential for the oxidation of the hydrolyzed fuel of POMM 3 (h-POMM 3 ; methanol-formaldehyde mixtures with the composition equivalent to 100% hydrolyzed POMM 3 ) on Pt/Ta-SnO 2 and PtRu/Ta-SnO 2 was at least 0.2 V lower than that on a commercial Pt 2 Ru 3 /carbon black (c-Pt 2 Ru 3 /CB). The Pt-based mass activities at 0.50 V (MA 0.50V ) of PtRu/Ta-SnO 2 for the h-POMM 3 and formaldehyde oxidations were more than four times larger than those of the c-Pt 2 Ru 3 /CB. Elemental tin was found to exist on the top surface, brought by the diffusion from the Ta-SnO 2 support. The elemental tin may contribute to enhancing the anodic reaction via an acceleration of carbon monoxide oxidation by a bifunctional mechanism or ligand effect. Single cells using Pt/Ta-SnO 2 and PtRu/Ta-SnO 2 as anodes exhibited higher current densities in all voltage regions when supplied with the h-POMM 3 fuels dissolved in water. We deduced that both the elemental tin diffusion from the Ta-SnO 2 support to the catalyst nanoparticles and the unique fused-aggregate network structure of the Ta Polymer electrolyte fuel cells (PEFCs) supplied directly with liquid fuels are suitable as power sources for various portable applications with extended operating time. Liquid alcohol fuels such as methanol and ethanol are attractive energy carriers with environmental compatibility, good energy density and low cost. 1-6The liquid oligomers of poly-oxymethylene-dimethylethers (POMM n : CH 3 -O-(CH 2 -O) n -CH 3 , n = 3∼8) have also been proposed as an alternative class of liquid fuels for the future, 7 but they have several hurdles to clear before they can enjoy widespread use. Fortunately, the POMM n preparation from methane has already been established as an industrial process, with the methane feedstock existing on a massive scale as natural gas and even as a by-product from oil wells.8 The POMM n compounds have been applied as raw materials of the polyacetal resins used in vehicle parts and medical devices. [8][9][10] A project on the application of POMM n has been conducted in Germany. 8 The POMM n compounds have no corrosive properties for steels used containers of various sizes, including tankers. Other attractive properties are non-toxicity, high flash points (>64• C) and high boiling temperatures (ca. 100• C), unlike methanol. In addition, the POMM n compounds can easily and immediately hydrolyze under acidic conditions to form methanol and formaldehyde (Eq. 1):7,11-13Thus, the POMM n class of compounds is becoming one of the more promising candidates for new energy carriers for use in fuel cells, and the essential properties described above have the potential to lower the hurdle of cost, to improve the safety, and to maintain a stable supply, in comparison with other energy carriers such as methanol, even with increasing demand for POM...

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Synthesis and electrochemical characterization of Pt catalyst supported on Sn0.96Sb0.04O2−δ with a network structure

Cited by 108 publications

References 46 publications

Oxygen Reduction Reaction Activity and Durability of Pt Catalysts Supported on Titanium Carbide

Oxygen Reduction Reaction Activity and Durability of Pt Catalysts Supported on Titanium Carbide

Platinum-Decorated Tin Oxide and Niobium-Doped Tin Oxide PEFC Electrocatalysts: Oxygen Reduction Reaction Activity

Electrochemical Oxidation of Hydrolyzed Poly-Oxymethylene-Dimethylether by Pt and PtRu Catalysts on Ta-Doped SnO₂Supports for Direct Oxidation Fuel Cells

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Synthesis and electrochemical characterization of Pt catalyst supported on Sn0.96Sb0.04O2−δ with a network structure

Cited by 108 publications

References 46 publications

Oxygen Reduction Reaction Activity and Durability of Pt Catalysts Supported on Titanium Carbide

Oxygen Reduction Reaction Activity and Durability of Pt Catalysts Supported on Titanium Carbide

Platinum-Decorated Tin Oxide and Niobium-Doped Tin Oxide PEFC Electrocatalysts: Oxygen Reduction Reaction Activity

Electrochemical Oxidation of Hydrolyzed Poly-Oxymethylene-Dimethylether by Pt and PtRu Catalysts on Ta-Doped SnO2Supports for Direct Oxidation Fuel Cells

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Electrochemical Oxidation of Hydrolyzed Poly-Oxymethylene-Dimethylether by Pt and PtRu Catalysts on Ta-Doped SnO₂Supports for Direct Oxidation Fuel Cells