Synthesis and discovery of potential tyrosinase inhibitor of new coumarin‐based thiophenyl‐pyrazolylthiazole nuclei: In vitro evaluation, cytotoxicity, kinetic, and computational studies

Abstract

Organic chemistry and biology are considered the most privileged combinations in medicinal chemistry. The importance of organic molecules in the development of medications to treat a variety of fatal diseases is undeniably comprehensive. In recent years, scientists have worked hard to identify and synthesize medications that can be used to whiten the skin and treat skin diseases. Tyrosinase (EC 1.14.18.1) is a multi-copper enzyme which is widely distributed in nature, including plants, fungi, bacteria, and animals. It plays a significant role in melanogenesis and enzymatic browning in damaged fruits (Chang, 2009;Zolghadri et al., 2019). Tyrosinase acts as a catalyst in a two-step reaction, which occurs during the melanogenesis process: hydroxylation converts mono-phenol to orthodiphenol (o-diphenol), then the ortho-diphenol is oxidized and converted into ortho-quinone (o-quinone) (Ramsden & Riley, 2014). Melanin, which is produced by melanocytes during the process of melanogenesis, is the primary

Synthesis, Kinetics and Computational Explorations of 4‐Phenylpiperazine Bearing N‐(Aryl)‐3‐substituted‐benzamides as Auspicious Tyrosinase Inhibitors

“…The His85 is a core residue existed at the central atom of target protein and is metal bound amino acid paly a significance in protein stability [37] . Our docking results showed good correlation with published research which strengthens our work and efficacy [38–39] . The 2D conformations and binding pose and interactions with binding residues of all the candidate molecules are mentioned in supplementary data (Figures S18–25).…”

“…[37] Our docking results showed good correlation with published research which strengthens our work and efficacy. [38][39] The 2D conformations and binding pose and interactions with binding residues of all the candidate molecules are mentioned in supplementary data (Figures S18-25).…”

Exploring chalcone-sulfonyl piperazine hybrids as anti-diabetes candidates: Design, synthesis, biological evaluation, and molecular docking study

“…Compounds 5a-k were synthesized using a previously reported method from the literature [45,49,50]. To a solution containing 1 mmol of compound 3, pure EtOH was added, and the mixture was stirred for 5 minutes at 0°C.…”

“…HT1080 cells were seeded onto 96-well plates at a density of 0.4 × 10 5 cells/well with three replicate wells per group and incubated in media for 24 hours. The compounds (5a-k) were treated at different concentrations (10,20,30,40,50,60, and 100 µM), while acarbose was employed as a control group at the same concentrations. After 24 hours of incubation, the media was discarded, and 100 µl of 0.5 mg/ml MTT solution, diluted in DMEM, was added to each well for 4 hours.…”

Design, synthesis, and in vitro and in silico studies of 1,3,4-thiadiazole-thiazolidinone hybrids as carbonic anhydrase inhibitors

“…Keeping in mind the biological activities of thiadiazole and thiazolidinone compounds, and in continuation of our research work on the hybrid pharmacophore technique for designing bioactive compounds by combining two or more medicinally significant scaffolds, [47][48][49] the goal of this study was to incorporate the thiadiazole and thiazolidinone scaffolds into a single molecule to create new and more powerful inhibitors of carbonic anhydrase with anticancer activity. Cytotoxicity, kinetic studies, and molecular docking studies of the synthesized compounds were also performed and revealed significant results.…”