Electrides, a unique
type of compound where electrons act as anions,
have a high electron mobility and a low work function, which makes
them promising for applications in electronic devices and high-performance
catalysts. The discovery of novel electrides and the expansion of
the electride family have great significance for their promising applications.
Herein, we reported four three-dimensional (3D) electrides by coupling
crystal structure database searches and first-principles electronic
structure analysis. Subnitrides (Ba
3
N, LiBa
3
N, NaBa
3
N, and Na
5
Ba
3
N) containing
one-dimensional (1D) [Ba
3
N]
3+
chains are identified
as 3D electrides for the first time. The anionic electrons are confined
in the 3D interstitial space of Ba
3
N, LiBa
3
N,
NaBa
3
N, and Na
5
Ba
3
N. Interestingly,
with the increase of Na content, the excess electrons of Na
5
Ba
3
N play two roles of metallic bonding and anionic electrons.
Therefore, the subnitrides containing 1D [Ba
3
N]
3+
chains can be regarded as a new family of 3D electrides, where anionic
electrons reside in the 3D interstitial spaces and provide a conduction
path. These materials not only are experimentally synthesizable 3D
electrides but also are promising to be exfoliated into advanced 1D
nanowire materials. Furthermore, our work suggests a discovery strategy
of novel electrides based on one parent framework like [Ba
3
N]
3+
chains, which would accelerate the mining of electrides
from the crystal structure database.