Synthesis and Crosslinking of Polyether-Based Main Chain Benzoxazine Polymers and Their Gas Separation Performance

Abstract

The poly(ethylene glycol)-based benzoxazine polymers were synthesized via a polycondensation reaction between Bisphenol-A, paraformaldehyde, and poly(ether diamine)/(Jeffamine®). The structures of the polymers were confirmed by proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-NMR), indicating the presence of a cyclic benzoxazine ring. The polymer solutions were casted on the glass plate and cross-linked via thermal treatment to produce tough and flexible films without using any external additives. Thermal properties and the crosslinking behaviour of these polymers were studied by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Single gas (H2, O2, N2, CO2, and CH4) transport properties of the crosslinked polymeric membranes were measured by the time-lag method. The crosslinked PEG-based polybenzoxazine membranes show improved selectivities for CO2/N2 and CO2/CH4 gas pairs. The good separation selectivities of these PEG-based polybenzoxazine materials suggest their utility as efficient thin film composite membranes for gas and liquid membrane separation technology.

One-Pot Synthesis of Amide-Functional Main-Chain Polybenzoxazine Precursors

“…For example, monomers containing alkyl, allyl, alkene, alcohol, carbonyl, carboxyl, coumarine, propargyl, amide, and sulfone were successfully synthesized [16,19,20,21,22,23,24,25,26,27,28,29,30,31,32]. Alternative to monomer design, main-, side- and end-chain polybenzoxazine precursors were also produced by using Mannich-type polycondensation, polyesterification, carbon–carbon couplings, and free radical polymerization [33,34,35,36,37,38,39,40,41,42,43,44,45]. Among those, amide-functional benzoxazines emerged, attracting considerable attention due to their structural resemblance to benzanilides.…”

A Sulfur Copolymers (SDIB)/Polybenzoxazines (PBz) Polymer Blend for Electrospinning of Nanofibers

“…In this study, we focus on using sulfur copolymers synthesized via inverse vulcanization of S 8 to investigate its processability with a polymer given its processing characteristics and structure. Polybenzoxazines (PBz), a thermoset material, was selected as component polymer because of its unique properties such as chemical inertness, high thermal stability, flexural strength, as well as near zero volumetric change upon curing [27,28,29]. Another advantage of PBz is the easy thermal curing without hardeners or catalysts resulting to high mechanical and thermal properties [28,29].…”

“…Polybenzoxazines (PBz), a thermoset material, was selected as component polymer because of its unique properties such as chemical inertness, high thermal stability, flexural strength, as well as near zero volumetric change upon curing [27,28,29]. Another advantage of PBz is the easy thermal curing without hardeners or catalysts resulting to high mechanical and thermal properties [28,29]. This is due to crosslinking of PBz that occurs via thermally activated ring-opening polymerization (ROP) of the oxazine ring in the main polymer chain [28,30].…”

“…Another advantage of PBz is the easy thermal curing without hardeners or catalysts resulting to high mechanical and thermal properties [28,29]. This is due to crosslinking of PBz that occurs via thermally activated ring-opening polymerization (ROP) of the oxazine ring in the main polymer chain [28,30]. These remarkable properties led to exploring the potential synergy created by polymer blending of PBz with SDIB.…”

Advanced Polybenzoxazine Structures Based on Modified Reduced Graphene Oxide

“…Strong efforts have been made, in the last decade, to get high-performance polymer-based composites to meet recent demands in the electronic industry. Due to their outstanding properties, polybenzoxazine resins have been extensively studied for many applications, such as for electrochromic materials [1], removal of mercury salts [2], gas separation membranes [3,4,5], and electro-catalysts for water splitting [6]. When synthesized by the condensation reaction of inexpensive raw materials, such as primary amines, phenols and formaldehyde, the benzoxazine monomers can be easily polymerized [7] through the ring-opening mechanism, without adding any catalyst.…”